http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mort-rosenblum/roxanna-brown-how-can-thi_b_113624.html Roxanna Brown The Lives of Artists and Leaders



Artists

Athletes

Scientists, Engineers and Researchers

Soldiers

Leaders, Spiritual Leaders, and Activists


Judy Malloy


The Lives of Leaders, Artists, Athletes, Scientists, and Soldiers

"My sorrow is for the halted sound of Mozart's musical laughter,
for the painters who were killed in accidents.
I will never see the unfinished canvases in their studios.
My tears are for the poets who died in poverty,
for Frida Kahlo, her entire life spent in pain.
My sorrow is for the lost live sounds
of Glenn Miller's band and Jerry Garcia's guitar,
the lost voices of Bessie Smith, Janis Joplin, and Roy Orbison,
for Carole Lombard's lost life, the films she never made,
for the entire 1961 US Skating Team
killed in a plane crash, their burnt skates in the rubble.
My tears are for the stilled feet of the dancers who died of AIDS."
_ Concerto for Narrative Data

Architects

  • Walter Blackburn
    1938-2000
    Lead architect of the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center, he died
    of cancer at age 62 before the Center was completed.

    http://www.nuvo.net/archive/083100/street/083100_street_b.html
    (Rita Kohn, "Remembering Walter Scott Blackburn, architect", nuvo.net)

  • Antoni Gaudí
    (June 25, 1852 - June 7, 1926)
    http://www.gaudiclub.com/ingles/I_VIDA/i_vida.html (Gaudi & Barcelona)

    Imprisoned Architects

  • Kichio Allen Arai
    The first Seattle Asian American architect who designed buildings under his own name,
    his career was halted when he was imprisoned with other Japanese Americans during
    World War II.

    http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=139 (HistoryLink.org)
    
    
    Musicians

  • Irish Musicians
    Irish musicians were excluded from districts which belonged to
    the English Government. Queen Elizabeth I decreed that all Irish musicians
    and artists be hanged

    The History of St. Patrick's Day - Irish Music
    http://www.historychannel.com/exhibits/stpatricksday/?page=history5
    (The History Channel)
    http://www.visitireland.com/aboutireland/music.asp (Visit Ireland.com)

  • Ludwig Senfl
    (1486-1542)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Senfl (Wikipedia)

  • Jacob Obrecht
    (1450-1599)
    http://www.answers.com/topic/jacob-obrecht (Anwers.com)

  • Giovanni Battista Pergolesi
    (January 4, 1710-March 16, 1736)
    http://www.goldbergweb.com/en/history/composers/11747.php (Goldberg)

  • Antonio Vivaldi
    (March 4, 1678-July 28, 1741)
    http://www.lessontutor.com/bf_vivaldi.html (Lesson Tutor)

  • George Frideric Handel
    (February 23, 1685 - April 14, 1759)
    Stalked by poverty, illness, and criticism of his secular works, Handel,
    the composer of The Messiah, was seriously injured in a carriage accident.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Frideric_Handel (Wikipedia)
    _ http://gfhandel.org/ (gfhandel.org)
    _ http://www.theviolincase.com/Newsletter/Dec04.htm - (The Violin Case)

  • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
    (January 27, 1756 - December 5, 1791)
    Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, the composer of The Marriage of Figaro,
    died of an unidentified illness. He was only 36 years old.

    http://www.mozartproject.org/
    Peter Gay, Mozart, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1999

  • Franz Schubert
    (January 31, 1797 - November 19, 1828)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Schubert (Wikipedia)

  • Vincenzo Bellini
    (November 3, 1801- September 23, 1835)
    http://www.nndb.com/people/399/000093120/ (NNDB)

  • Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel
    (November 14, 1805 - May 14, 1847)
    http://www.fannyhensel.de/

  • Felix Mendelssohn
    (February 3, 1809 - November 4, 1847)
    http://www.felixmendelssohn.com/

  • Gaetano Donizetti
    (November 29, 1797-April 8, 1848)
    http://www.donizettisociety.com/donizettilife.htm (Donizetti Society)

  • Frédéric Chopin
    (March 1, 1810 - October 17, 1849)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin (Wikipedia)

  • Robert Schumann
    (June 8, 1810-July 29, 1856)
    http://www.essentialsofmusic.com/composer/schumann_r.html
    (Sony)

  • Georges Bizet
    (October 25, 1838 - June 3, 1875)
    http://w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de/cmp/bizet.html (Classical Music Pages)

  • Josephine Lang
    (March 14, 1815 - December 2, 1880)
    (Oxford University Press)
    __
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephine_Lang (Wikipedia)

  • Piotr Tchaikovsky
    May 7, 1840 - November 6, 1893)
    http://w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de/cmp/tchaikovsky.html (The Classical Music Pages)

  • Sir Arthur Sullivan
    (May 13, 1842 - November 22, 1900)
    Of Irish and Italian parentage, Sullivan died at age 58 while composing
    Irish music for the Opera The Emerald Isle. He died on the feast day of St. Cecilia,
    patron saint of music. ( as did Jack London, C.S. Lewis, and J.F. Kennedy)
    Richard D'Oyly Carte died a year later just before The Emerald Isle was produced.

    http://www.webrarian.co.uk/ivanhoe/ivan04.html (Webrarian.co.uk)
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Sullivan (Wikipedia)

  • Edward MacDowell
    (December 18, 1860 - January 23, 1908)
    http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.natlib.ihas.200035715/default.html (Library of Congress)
    __ http://www.naxosdirect.com/title/8.559030 (Naxos)
    MacDowell's health suffered after he was run over and injured by a hansom cab
    He was only 48 when he died

  • Gustav Mahler
    (July 7, 1860 - May 18, 1911)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Mahler (Wikipedia)
    _ http://www.mfiles.co.uk/composers/Gustav-Mahler.htm (mfiles)

  • Samuel Coleridge-Taylor
    (1875-1912)
    http://chevalierdesaintgeorges.homestead.com/Song.html (AfriClassical.com)
    Afro-British composer Samuel Coleridge-Taylor died at age 37
    of pneumonia and overwork

  • Scott Joplin
    (1867 - April 1, 1917)
    http://www.scottjoplin.org/biography.htm
    (Scott Joplin International Ragtime Foundation)

  • Engelbert Humperdinck
    (September 1, 1854 - September 27, 1921)
    http://www.firstcoastopera.com/humperdinck%20bio.htm (First Coast Opera)

  • Giacomo Puccini
    (December 22, 1858-November 29, 1924)
    http://www.blo.org/season_boheme_puccini.html (Boston Lyric Opera)

  • Bix Beiderbecke
    (March 10, 1903 - August 6, 1931)
    http://www.bixsociety.org/bixhistory.htm (Bix Beiderbecke Memorial Society)

  • John Philip Sousa
    (November 6, 1854 - March 6, 1932)
    http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/1106.html (The New York Times Learning Network)
    _ http://www.dws.org/sousa/ (The John Philip Sousa home page)

  • Franz Schreker
    (1878-1934)
    http://www.schreker.org/index_e.htm

  • Gustav Holst
    (September 21, 1874 - May 25, 1934)
    http://www.gustavholst.info/

  • Alban Berg
    (February 9, 1885 - December 24, 1935)
    http://www.geocities.com/al6an6erg/albanberg.html

  • George Gershwin
    http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/database/gershwin_g.html
    (PBS American Masters)
    http://www.gershwin.com/

  • Bessie Smith
    (April 15, 1894 - September 26, 1937)
    Blues singer Bessie Smith and her fiance were driving to Memphis when a truck
    ran directly into them. According to legend, several "whites only" hospitals in
    Mississippi denied her treatment, and she died before arriving at a hospital
    that would treat her.

    http://www.nla.gov.au/worldtreasures/html/theme-music-2-bessie.html (National Library of Australia)

  • Maurice Ravel
    (March 7, 1875 - December 28, 1937)
    Maurice Ravel, the composer of Bolero, was seriously injured in an
    automobile accident. The injuries he sustained made it difficult
    to work, and he died after unsuccesful surgery intended to restore his health.

    http://www.maurice-ravel.net/ (Maurice-Ravel.net)
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel (Wikipedia)

  • "Jelly Roll" Morton
    (October 20, 1890 - July 10, 1941)
    http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/jelly-roll-morton (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame)
    __ http://www.socialaffairsunit.org.uk/blog/archives/000550.php (The Social Affairs Unit)
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelly_Roll_Morton (Wikipedia)
    __ http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/specials/chi-980501jellyroll,1,4492260.story?coll=chi-newsspecials-hed
    (Chicago Tribune)

  • Charlie Christian
    (1919-March 2, 1942)
    http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/charlie-christian (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame)

  • Alexander von Zemlinsky
    (October 14, 1871 - March 15, 1942)
    http://www.zemlinsky.at/
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_von_Zemlinsky (Wikipedia)

  • Ervin Schulhoff
    (June 8, 1894 - August l8, 1942)
    http://www.musica.cz/comp/schulhoff.htm (Czech Music Information Centre)

    Hugo Distler
    (June 24, 1908 - November 1, 1942)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugo_Distler (Wikipedia)

  • Viktor Ullmann
    (January 1, 1898 - October 15, 1944)
    http://www.musica.cz/comp/ulmann.htm (Czech Music Information Centre)

  • Glenn Miller
    (March 1, 1904 - December 15, 1944)
    The Glenn Miller Army Air Force Band played 800 performances
    during World War II. On his way from the UK to Paris to play for the
    soldiers who had liberated France, his plane disappeared and was never found.

    http://www.glennmillerorchestra.com/history.html
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenn_Miller (Wikipedia)

  • Anton Webern
    (December 3, 1883 - September 15, 1945)
    http://www.antonwebern.com/

  • John McCormack
    (June 14, 1884 - September 16, 1945)
    http://www.mccormacksociety.co.uk/
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McCormack (Wikipedia)

  • Richard Tauber
    (16 May 1891 - 8 January 1948)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Tauber (Wikipedia)

  • Kurt Weill
    (March 2, 1900 - April 3, 1950)
    http://www.kwf.org/

  • Django Reinhardt
    January 24, 1910 - May 16, 1953
    http://www.redhotjazz.com/django.html (The Red Hot Jazz Archive)

  • Florence Beatrice Price
    (1888-1953)
    http://chevalierdesaintgeorges.homestead.com/Price.html (AfriClassical.com)

  • Art Tatum
    (October 13, 1909 - November 5, 1956)
    http://www.duke.edu/~njh3/index.html

  • The Big Bopper
    (October 24, 1930 - February 3, 1959)
    The Big Bopper, Buddy Holly, and Richie Valens all died in a plane crash
    in February, 1959

    http://www.officialbigbopper.com/i_thestories.htm (officialbigbopper.com)

  • Buddy Holly
    (September 7, 1936 - February 3, 1959)
    http://www.buddyholly.com/ (The Official Community of Buddy Holly)

  • Richie Valens
    (May 13, 1941 - February 3, 1959)
    http://www.ritchievalens.com/

  • Billie Holiday
    (April 7, 1915 - July 17, 1959)
    http://www.cmgww.com/music/holiday/

  • Leonard Warren
    (April 21, 1911 - March 4, 1960)
    http://www.leonardwarren.org/
    __ http://www.bassocantante.com/opera/warren.html (Opera Shop)

  • Stuart Sutcliffe
    (June 23, 1940 - April 10, 1962)
    http://www.beatlesagain.com/bstu.html (The Internet Beatles Album)

  • Hanns Eisler
    (July 6, 1898 - September 6, 1962)
    http://www.classical.net/music/comp.lst/acc/eisler.html (Classical Net)

  • Patsy Cline
    (September 8, 1932 - March 5, 1963)
    http://www.patsified.com
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patsy_Cline (Wikipedia)

  • Curtis Counce
    (January 23, 1926 - July 31, 1963)
    http://allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:5zkqoawabijm~T1 (allmusic)

  • Dinah Washington
    (August 29, 1924 - December 14, 1963)
    http://www.vervemusicgroup.com/artist.aspx?aid=2851 (Verve Records)

  • Sam Cooke
    (January 22, 1931 - December 11, 1964)
    "Sam Cooke, Portrait of a Legend" --
    http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1369740 (NPR)

  • Richard Fariña
    (March 8, 1937 - April 30, 1966)
    Folksinger and writer Richard Fariña was killed in a motorcycle accident
    a few days after the publication of his 60's counterculture novel Been Down So Long
    It Looks Like Up to Me.

    http://www.richardandmimi.com

  • Bud Powell
    (September 27, 1924 - July 31, 1966)
    http://www.budpowelljazz.com/index.html

  • Woody Guthrie
    (July 14, 1912 - October 3, 1967)
    http://www.woodyguthrie.org/biography.htm

  • Otis Redding
    (September 9, 1941 - December 10, 1967)
    http://www.otisredding.com/
    Otis Redding died in plane crash. He was only 26.

  • Jimi Hendrix
    (November 27, 1942 - September 18, 1970)
    http://www.vh1.com/artists/az/hendrix_jimi/bio.jhtml (VH1)
    __ http://www.jimihendrixmemorial.com/inspiration.html (Jimi Hendrix Memorial)

  • Janis Joplin
    (January 19, 1943 - October 4, 1970)
    http://www.officialjanis.com/

  • Albert Ayler
    (July 13, 1936 - November 1970)
    _"Jazzed in Cleveland - Albert Ayler" -- http://www.cleveland.oh.us/wmv_news/jazz39.htm

    Igor Stravinsky
    (June 17/18, 1882 - April 6, 1971)
    http://www.artsalive.ca/en/mus/greatcomposers/stravinsky.html (ArtsAlive)

  • Seán Ó Riada
    (August 1, 1931 - October 3, 1971)
    http://www.cmc.ie/composers/composer.cfm?composerID=97
    (Contemporary Music Centre)

  • Duane Allman
    (November 20, 1946 - October 29, 1971
    Duane Allman was killed in a motorcycle accident
    shortly after the release of At Fillmore East. He was only 25.

    http://www.allmanbrothersband.com/ modules.php?op=modload&name=userpage&file=content&page_id=20 (Allman Brothers Band)

  • Raymond Berry Oakley
    April 4, 1948 - November 11, 1972
    A member of the Allman Brothers Band, he died
    a year and 13 days after Duane died, in a motorcycle
    crash, thee blocks from where Duane crashed.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berry_Oakley
    (Wikipedia)

  • Emanuel Leplin
    (1917 - 1972)
    http://www.emanuelleplin.info/leplinbio.html

  • Ron "Pigpen" McKernan
    (September 8, 1945 - March 8, 1973)
    A founding member of the Grateful Dead, he was only 27 years old
    when he died of a gastrointestinal hemorrhage

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Pigpen_McKernan (Wikipedia)

  • Clarence_White
    (June 7, 1944 - July 15, 1973)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_White (Wikipedia)

  • Gram Parsons
    (November 5, 1946 - September 19, 1973)
    http://www.gramparsons.com/

  • Jim Croce
    (January 10, 1943 - September 20, 1973)
    He died in a plane crash just when his career was beginning to take off
    __ http://www.classicbands.com/croce.html (Classic Bands)
    __ http://www.jimcroce.com

  • Maury Muehleisen
    (January 14, 1949 - September 20, 1973)
    http://www.maurymuehleisen.com/main.html

  • Joe Cooley
    (1924-December 20, 1973)
    http://www.iol.ie/~ronolan/cooley.html (RamblingHouse)

  • Don Rich
    (1941 - July 17, 1974)
    http://www.bakersfield.com/static/FP/baksound/don.htm (Bakersfield Sound)

  • Mama Cass
    (September 19, 1941 - July 29, 1974)
    http://www.casselliot.com/

  • Tom Dunphy
    http://www.westernpeople.ie/news/story.asp?j=26543 (Western People)

  • Fran O'Toole, Brian McCoy, and Tony Geraghty - Miami Showband
    (died July 31, 1975)
    http://www.4ni.co.uk/northern_ireland_news.asp?id=69567
    (Northern Ireland News)

  • Bing Crosby
    (May 3, 1903 - October 14, 1977)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bing_Crosby (Wikipedia)

  • Donal Michalsky
    (1928-1975)
    http://composers-classical-music.com/m/MichalskyDonal.htm

  • Ronnie Van Zant, Steve Gaines,
    Cassie Gaines, Allen Collins, and Leon Wilkeson

    (died October 20, 1977)
    http://www.lynyrdskynyrdhistory.com/ (Lynyrd Skynyrd history)

  • Keith Moon
    (August 23, 1946 - September 7, 1978)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_Moon (Wikipedia)

  • Charlie Mingus
    (April 22, 1922-January 5, 1979)
    http://www.mingusmingusmingus.com/
    _ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Mingus (Wikipedia)

  • Jane Froman
    (November 10, 1907 - April 22, 1980)
    http://www.janefroman.com/Biography/bio.html

  • Keith Godchaux
    (July 19, 1948 - 23 July 1980)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_Godchaux
    _ http://www.dead101.com/keith.htm
    (Grateful Dead Time Capsule)

  • John Lennon
    (October 9, 1940 - December 8, 1980)
    http://www.johnlennon.com/

  • Bob Marley
    (February 6, 1945 - May 11, 1981)
    http://www.bobmarley.com/

  • Randy Rhoads
    (December 6, 1956 - March 19, 1982)
    http://home.flash.net/~ulknatme/

  • George "Harmonica" Smith
    April 22 1924 - October 2, 1983
    http://www.blindpigrecords.com/index.cfm?section=artists&artistid=57 (Blind Pig Records)

  • Luke Kelly
    (November 17, 1940 - January, 30 1984)
    http://www.lukekellytribute.com/

  • D. Boon
    (April 1, 1958 - December 22, 1985)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D._Boon (Wikipedia)

  • Rick Nelson
    (May 8, 1940 - December 31, 1985)
    http://www.ricknelson.com/indexold.html
    (click on "biography" and then page sideways to read text)

  • Kate Wolf
    (January 27, 1942 - December 10, 1986)
    http://www.katewolf.com/index.htm

  • Cliff Burton
    February 10, 1962 - September 27, 1986
    http://www.cliffinourminds.com/

  • Peter Tosh
    (October 19, 1944 - September 11, 1987)
    http://www.vh1.com/artists/az/peter_tosh/bio.jhtml (VH1)

  • Nico
    (October 16, 1938 - July 18, 1988)
    A Singer Songwriter, vocalist with the Velvet Underground, Nico
    was killed when she hit her head in a bicycle accident.

    http://smironne.free.fr/NICO/bio.html

  • Roy Orbison
    (April 23, 1936 - December 6, 1988)
    Pioneer rock musician whose voice and compositions were a core influence
    on rock & roll and on many other musicians.
    His wife was killed in a motorcycle accident; his house burned down
    and two of his sons were killed. He died of a heart attack at age 52.

    http://royorbison.musiccitynetworks.com/?&loc=0
    _ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Orbison (Wikipedia)

  • Brent Mydland
    (October 21, 1952 - July 26, 1990)
    Grateful Dead keyboard player Brent Mydland died at the age of 38
    of an apparent a drug overdose

    http://www.kazart.com/bus_stop/scrapbk1.htm (Grateful Dead Scrapbook)

  • Tom Fogerty
    (November 9, 1941 - September 6, 1990)
    Creedence Clearwater Revival guitarist Tom Fogerty died of AIDS
    from blood transfusions received during a back operation

    http://www.rockabilly.nl/references/messages/tom_fogerty.htm
    (by Phil Davies on the Black Cat Rockabilly website)

  • Gene Clark
    (November 17, 1944 - died May 24, 1991)
    http://www.geneclark.com

  • Dottie Marsh
    (October 11, 1932 – September 4, 1991)
    http://www.westhouseonline.com/dottie.htm/

  • Tennessee Ernie Ford
    (February 13, 1919 - October 17, 1991)
    http://www.ernieford.com/
    _ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennessee_Ernie_Ford (Wikipedia)

  • Bill Graham
    (January 8, 1931 - October 25, 1991)
    Legendary Rock promoter Bill Graham was killed in a helicopter accident
    http://www.billgrahamfoundation.org
    _Seth Rogovoy, "Remembering Bill Graham", Seth Rogovoy's Berkshire Beat
    http://www.berkshireweb.com/rogovoy/interviews/graham.html

  • Steve Clark
    (April 23, 1960 - January 8, 1991)
    http://www.deflepparduk.com/steveclark.html (Def Leppard)

  • Charlotte Moorman
    (November 18, 1933 - November 8, 1991)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte_Moorman (Wikipedia)

  • Lupe Yoli
    (December 23, 1939 - February 29, 1992)
    http://www.hardsalsa.com/lalupe.html (Hard Salsa Radio)

  • Wong Ka-Kui
    (June 10, 1962 - June 30, 1993)
    http://www.hotshotdigital.com/tribute/WongKaKui.html (Legends of Rock)

  • Mia Zapata
    (August 25, 1965 - July 7, 1993)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mia_Zapata (Wikipedia)

  • Frank Zappa
    (December 21, 1940 - December 4, 1993)
    http://www.zappa.com/warning-page/noflash.html

  • Eugene W. Hancock
    (February 17, 1929 - January 21, 1994)
    http://www.artistswithaids.org/artforms/music/catalogue/hancock.html (The Estate Project)

  • Kurt Cobain
    (February 20, 1967 - ca. April 5, 1994)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurt_Cobain (Wikipedia)

  • Kristen Pfaff
    (May 26, 1967 - June 16, 1994)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristen_Pfaff (Wikipedia)

  • Frankie Kennedy
    (September 30 1955 - September 19, 1994)
    http://www.altan.ie/frankie.html (Altan)

  • Dino Valenti
    (October 7, 1937- November 16, 1994)
    http://www.dinovalenti.com/
    _ http://www.penncen.com/quicksilver/valente/
    (Quicksilver Messenger Services)

  • Rory Gallagher
    (March 2, 1948 - June 14, 1995)
    http://www.rorygallagher.com/

  • Jerry Garcia
    (August 1, 1942 - August 9, 1995)
    Lead guitarist of the Grateful Dead Jerry Garcia died of an
    apparent heart attack at age 53

    http://jerrygarcia.com/intro.html
    _Obituaries for Jerry Garcia -- http://www.hoboes.com/pub/Fenario/Jerry/News.html

  • Jonathan Larson
    (February 4, 1960 - January 25, 1996)
    Jonathan Larson died the night before his musical RENT opened on Broadway.
    http://www.bennytour.com/jonathan.htm

  • Tupac Shakur
    (June 16, 1971-September 13, 1996)
    http://www.tupacfans.com/bio.php

  • Louis A. Botto
    1952 (?) - February 24, 1997
    http://www.chanticleer.org/about_mission.cfm (Chanticleer)

  • The Notorious Mr. B.I.G.
    (May 21, 1972 - March 9, 1997)
    http://www.hotshotdigital.com/WellAlwaysRemember.2/NotoriousBIG.html

  • John Denver
    (December 31, 1943 - October 12, 1997)
    http://www.johndenver.com/
    _Ecology Hall of Fame -- http://www.ecotopia.org/ehof/denver/

  • Michael Hedges
    (December 31, 1953 - December 2, 1997
    http://www.rootwitch.com/
    _ http://www.philbrodieband.com/muso_michael_hedges.htm (Phil Brodie Band Tribute)

  • Thomas Chapin
    (March 9, 1957 - February 17, 1998)
    http://www.jazzhouse.org/gone/lastpost2.php3?edit=920482548 (The Last Post)

  • Basil Coetzee
    (February 2, 1944 - March 12, 1998)
    http://www.jazzhouse.org/gone/lastpost2.php3?edit=920482852 (The Last Post)

  • Frank Sinatra
    (December 12, 1915 - May 14, 1998)
    http://www.franksinatra.com/
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Sinatra (Wikipedia)

  • Joe Catalano
    (November 29, 1952 - May 27, 1998)
    http://www.deeplistening.org/memorial/joe-frame.html

  • Jim Horton
    (September 6, 1944 - June 8, 1998)
    http://leonardo.info/lmj/horton.html (Leonardo)
    __ http://www.artifact.com/bio.php?name=Horton (Artifact Recordings)
    __ http://o-art.org/history/
    (History of Experimental Music in Northern California)

  • Skip Spence
    (April 18, 1946 - April 16, 1999)
    http://www.salon.com/people/obit/1999/04/19/spence/ (Salon)

  • Rick Danko
    (December 29 1942-December 10 1999)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rick_Danko (Wikipedia)
    __ http://theband.hiof.no/band_members/rick.html (The Band)

  • Grover Washington, Jr.
    (December 12, 1943 - December 17, 1999)
    http://www.gwjrmusic.com/

  • Ofra Haza
    (November 19, 1957 - February 23, 2000)
    http://www.myspace.com/ofrahazaofficial
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofra_Haza (Wikipedia)

  • Dennis Danell
    (June 24, 1961-February 29, 2000)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Danell (Wikipedia)

  • Ben Orr
    (September 8, 1947 - October 3, 2000)
    http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:0i5zef5k7gf1~T1 (allmusic)

  • Dick Morrissey
    (May 9, 1940 - November 8, 2000)
    http://www.guardian.co.uk/obituaries/story/0,3604,394697,00.html (The Guardian)

  • Ladysmith Black Mambazo
    Geoffrey Mdletshe
    (died November 2000)
    Ben Shabalala
    (killed June 16, 2004)
    Nellie Shabalala
    (killed 2004)
    Jockey Shabalala
    (died February 11, 2006)
    http://www.christianitytoday.com/music/glimpses/2004/wenyukela.html (ChristianityToday.com)

  • Kirsty MacColl
    (October 10, 1959 - December 18, 2000)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirsty_MacColl (Wikipedia)

  • Charlie Lourie
    (April 20, 1940 - December 31, 2000)
    http://www.jazzhouse.org/gone/lastpost2.php3?edit=978788252 (The Last Post)

  • Susannah McCorkle
    (January 1, 1946 - May 19, 2001)
    http://susannahmccorkle.home.mindspring.com/bioSM.html

  • Aaliyah
    (January 16, 1979-August 25, 2001)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaliyah (Wikipedia)

  • Melanie Thornton
    (May 13, 1967 - November 24, 2001)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanie_Thornton (Wikipedia)

  • Michael Hammond
    (February 20, 1967- January 29, 2002)
    A week after he took office as the eighth chairman of the National Endowment
    for the Arts, musician, composer, teacher Michael Hammond was
    found dead after attending a performance of John Webster's The Duchess of Malfi

    _James Auer, "Scholar-composer-diplomat brought much to the arts world", Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, Feb. 6, 2002 -- http://www.jsonline.com/onwisconsin/arts/feb02/17869.asp
    __Judy Malloy, "New NEA Chair Michael Hammond Dies One Week After Taking Office",
    Arts Wire Current, February 5, 2002 --
    http://www.nyfa.org/current_archive/2002/cur020502.html

  • Moses Hogan
    (1957 - February 11, 2003
    Composer, arranger, and conductor of African American spirituals,
    Moses Hogan was only 46 when he died of a stroke.

    __ http://www.moseshogan.com/index.html
    __ http://www.mosingers.com/composers/hogan_bio.html
    (The Michael O'Neal Singers)

  • Matthew Sperry
    (d. June 5, 2003)
    http://osdir.com/ml/culture.bicycle.ebbc/2003-06/msg00031.html (osdir)

  • Elliott Smith
    (August 6, 1969 - October 21, 2003)
    http://www.sweetadeline.net/

  • Linda Martinez
    (1975 - May 19, 2005)
    http://articles.latimes.com/2005/may/26/local/me-martinez26 (LA Times)

  • Richie Domingue
    (June 7 1947 - July 3 2005)
    http://www.gatorbeat.com/bio.html (Gator Beat)

  • Carla Wood
    (1955(?) - July 13, 2005)
    http://www.classicalsinger.com/sites/index.php?user_id=2743 (Classical Singer)
    __obituary
    http://www.classicalsinger.com/carla_wood/ (Classical Singer)

  • Stephen "Lucky" Mosko
    (December 7, 1947 - December 5, 2005)
    http://luxstar.org/

  • Emily Bernstein
    (1959 - 2005)
    http://www.pasadenasymphony.org/bernstein.htm (Pasadena Symphony)
    __ http://www.laweekly.com/stage/classical-and-new-music/emily-bernstein-benefit-concert/15418/ (LA Weekly)

  • Anthony John Burger
    (June 5, 1961 - February 22, 2006)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Burger (Wikipedia)

    Lorraine Hunt
    (March 1, 1954 - July 3, 2006)
    http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Hunt-Lorraine.htm (Bach Cantatas Website)
    ___ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorraine_Hunt_Lieberson (Wikipedia)

  • Vince Welnick
    (February 21, 1951 - June 2, 2006)
    San Francisco Chronicle obituary
    http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/06/04/BAGOUJ89201.DTL
    _ http://www.dead101.com/vince.htm (Grateful Dead Time Capsule)
    _ http://www.vincewelnick.com

  • Billy Preston
    (September 2, 1946 - June 6, 2006)
    http://www.billypreston.net/

  • Stephen Tiger
    1949(?) - June 26, 2006
    http://californiandn.tribe.net/thread/88773e99-5cdf-438e-a3ea-6a27abd75c6e (California NDN)

  • Syd Barrett
    January 6, 1946 - July 7, 2006
    http://www.pink-floyd.org/barrett/
    _ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syd_Barrett (Wikipedia)

  • Micheal O Domhnaill
    (October 7, 1952 – July 7, 2006)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ADche%C3%A1l_%C3%93_Domhnaill (Wikipedia)

  • Arthur Lee
    March 7, 1945 - August 3, 2006
    http://blogs.usatoday.com/listenup/2006/08/arthur_lee_love.html (USA Today)

  • Valentin Elizalde
    (February 1, 1979-November 25, 2006)
    http://www.valentin-elizalde.com/

  • John Stewart
    (September 5, 1939 - January 19, 2008)
    http://www.kingstontrio.com/html/kt_news.htm (Kingston Trio)
    
    
    Imprisoned Musicians

  • Henry Cowell
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Cowell (Wikipedia)
    
    
    Musicians with Disabilities

  • Ludwig van Beethoven
    (December, 1770 - March 26, 1827)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven (Wikipedia)

  • Ray Charles
    http://www.raycharles.com/
    _"Ray Charles dead at 73", CNN.com, June 11, 2003 -- http://www.cnn.com/2004/SHOWBIZ/Music/06/10/obit.charles/

  • Will Downing
    http://www.willdowning.com/

  • Robert Erickson
    http://www.sequenza21.com/102703.html (Sequenza21)
    _ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Erickson (Wikipedia)

  • Gabriel Fauré
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9 (Wikipedia)
    _ http://w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de/cmp/faure_bio.html (Classical Music Pages)

  • Alfred Hertz
    http://www.sfmuseum.org/bio/hertz.html - Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco

  • Emanuel Leplin
    http://www.emanuelleplin.info/leplinbio.html

  • Marjorie Lawrence
    http://classicalcdreview.com/marj.htm (Classical CD Review)

  • Dick Morrissey
    (May 9, 1940 - November 8, 2000)
    http://www.guardian.co.uk/obituaries/story/0,3604,394697,00.html (The Guardian)

    Further Resources

  • Dead Rock Stars Club -- http://thedeadrockstarsclub.com/deadrock.html

  • Fuller Up, The Dead Musician Directory -- http://elvispelvis.com/fullerup.htm

  • Alex Constantine, The Covert War Against Rock, Feral House, 2000 -- http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/092291561X/102-3224503-6092940?v=glance

  • Ian Gallagher Home Page - Memorial Page for Irish Showband Musicians
    http://www.iangallagher.com/rip1.htm

  • Gaylord Music Library Necrology
    http://library.wustl.edu/units/music/necro/ (Washington University in St.Louis)

  • The Last Post
    http://www.jazzhouse.org/gone/index.php3

  • Musicians who died of AIDS --
    http://www.artistswithaids.org/artforms/music/archive_catalogue.html (The Estate Project)

  • Steven Winn, "AIDS at 25", San Francisco Chronicle, June 8, 2006
    http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/06/08/ DDGOGJ9EQP1.DTL&hw=AIDS+artists&sn=005&sc=507
    
    
    Visual Artists

  • Masaccio
    (December 21, 1401 - 1428)
    Masaccio was among the first Renaissance artists to paint explicit nudes.
    He died at age 26 of suspected poisoning a few years after he painted
    Expulsion from the Garden of Eden in the Brancacci Chapel in the
    Church of Santa Maria del Carmine in Florence. Echoing the painting,
    Felice Brancacci, the patron of this work, was expelled from Florence.

    http://rubens.anu.edu.au/raider4/texts/vasari/vasari.masaccio.html (Giorgio Vasari, The Lives of the Artists)
    _ http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/giorgio.vasari/masaccio/masaccio.htm (a compilation of works mentioned in Giorgio Vasari's The Lives of the Artists

  • Albrecht Durer
    (May 21, 1471 - April 6, 1528)
    http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Albrect%20Durer

  • Johannes Vermeer
    (October 31, 1632 - December, 1675)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Vermeer (Wikipedia)
    __ http://www.essentialvermeer.com/ (Essential Vermeer)

  • William Morris
    (March 24, 1834 - October 3, 1896)
    Peter Stansky, Redesigning the World, Princeton, NY: Princeton University Press, 1985
    http://www.morrissociety.org/ (William Morris Society)
    _William Morris and his Circle
    http://www.hrc.utexas.edu/exhibitions/online/morris/

  • Arthur Atkins
    (1873- January 8, 1899)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Atkins_%28Painter%29 (Wikipedia)

    Albert Bierstadt
    (1830-1902)
    http://www.rwnaf.org/albert_bierstadt.html (R.W. Norton Art Gallery)

  • Frederic Remington
    (October 4, 1861-December 26, 1909)
    http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/database/remington_f.html
    (PBS American Masters)
    _ http://www.fredericremington.org/ (Frederic Remington Art Museum)

  • August Macke
    (January 3, 1887 - September 26, 1914)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Macke (Wikipedia)

  • Walter Crane
    (August, 15, 1845 - March 14, 1915)
    http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jcrane.htm (Sparticus)

  • Franz Marc
    (February 8, 1880 - March 4, 1916)
    http://www.artelino.com/articles/franz_marc.asp (artelino)

  • George Wesley Bellows
    (August 12, 1882 - January 8, 1925)
    http://www.georgebellows.com/biography.php
    (Thomas French Fine Art)
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Bellows (Wikipedia)

  • Clarence H. White
    (1871-1925)
    http://www.iphf.org/Hall_Of_Fame/Inducties_Bios/Clarence_H_White_Bio.html
    (International Photography Hall of Fame and Museum)

  • Elmer Wachtel
    (January 21, 1864 - August 31, 1929)
    http://www.mmfa.com/Portfolio/Wachtel_E/ (Maureen Murphy Fine Arts)

  • Preston Dickinson
    (1889-1930)
    http://www.zabriskiegallery.com/Dickinson,%20Preston/Dickinson%20Selected%20Images.html#11
    (Zabriskie Gallery)

  • George Luks
    (1867-1933)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Luks
    (Wikipedia)

  • Gaston Lachaise
    (March 19, 1882-October 18, 1935)
    http://www.lachaisefoundation.org/
    __ http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,875608,00.html (Time)

  • Patrick Henry Bruce
    (1881-1936)
    http://abstract-art.com/abstraction/l2_Grnfthrs_fldr/g025_bruce_nature_morte.html
    (abstract-art.com)
    __ http://www.artchive.com/artchive/B/bruce.html
    (Artchive)

  • Grant Wood
    (February 13, 1891 - February 12, 1942)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grant_Wood (Wikipedia)
    __ http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ma98/haven/wood/home.html (Going Back to Iowa)

  • Gustav Stickley
    (March 9, 1858-April 21, 1942)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Stickley (Wikipedia)

  • N.C. Wyeth
    (October 22, 1882 - October 19, 1945)
    http://www.tfaoi.com/aa/3aa/3aa87.htm (Farnsworth Art Museum)
    (David Michaelis, "One Nation: Patriots and Pirates Portrayed by N. C. Wyeth and Jamie Wyeth")
    _ http://www.harvardsquarelibrary.org/unitarians/wyeth.html (Notable American Unitarians)

  • John Steuart Curry
    (November 14, 1897 - August 29, 1946)
    http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/entertainment/july-dec98/curry_8-13.html (PBS NewsHour)

  • Arshile Gorky
    (April 15, 1904 - July 21, 1948)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arshile_Gorky (Wikipedia)
    __ http://www.ndoylefineart.com/gorky.html (Nancy Doyle Fine Art)

  • George Ault
    (October 11, 1891 - December 30, 1948))
    http://www.butlerart.com/pc_book/pages/george_ault_1891.htm
    (Butler Institute of American Art)
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Ault (Wikipedia)

  • Alice Austen
    March 17, 1866 - June 9, 1952)
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Austen
    (Wikipedia)
    __ http://www.aliceausten.org/alice/index.html
    (The Alice Austen Museum)
    __ http://www.barbarahammerfilms.com/fc_syn.html
    (Barbara Hammer, The Female Closet)

  • Frida Kahlo
    (July 6, 1907 - July 13, 1954)
    http://www.lasmujeres.com/fridakahlo/life.shtml (Las Mujeres)
    __ http://www.mexconnect.com/mex_/travel/jcummings/jcdiegofrida.html
    (Joe Cummings, "Diego, Frida and the Mexican School", Mexico Connect)

  • Reginald Marsh
    (1898-1954)
    http://eeweems.com/reginald_marsh/ (Erik Weems)
    __ http://www.udel.edu/art/Faculty/Norsky/RMarsh.htm (Norman Saskowsky)
    http://www.butlerart.com/pc_book/pages/reginald_marsh_1898.htm
    (Butler Institute of American Art)
    __ http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAmarshR.htm (Spartacus)

  • Yves Tanguy
    (January 5, 1900 - January 15, 1955)
    http://yvestanguy.org/en/

  • Louis Guglielmi
    (1906-1956)
    http://www.uky.edu/ArtMuseum/luce/Top50/50/pages/Guglielmi_jpg.htm
    (University of Kentucky Art Museum)
    __ http://www.union.wisc.edu/art/collection/artists/guglielmi.html
    (Wisconsin Union Art Collection Catalog)
    __ http://www.askart.com/askart/g/louis_guglielmi/louis_guglielmi.aspx (AskArt)

  • Jackson Pollock
    (January 28, 1912 - August 11, 1956)
    http://www.pkf.org/

  • Wolfgang Paalen
    (July 7, 1905-September 24, 1959)
    http://www.paalen-archiv.com/

  • David Park
    (1911- September 20, 1960)
    http://hackettfreedman.com/templates/artist.jsp?id=PAR
    (Hackett Freedman)
    __ http://www.harvardsquarelibrary.org/unitarians/park.html (Notable Unitarians)
    __ http://claypoolefreesegallery.com/id25.htm (Claypoole-Freese Gallery)

  • Augusta Savage
    (February 29, 1892 - March 26, 1962)
    http://northbysouth.kenyon.edu/1998/art/pages/savage.htm (North by South)

  • Kay Sage
    (June 25, 1898 - June 26, 1963)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kay_Sage (Wikipedia)

  • David Smith
    (March 9, 1906 - May 23, 1965)
    http://www.guggenheim.org/smith/overview.html (Gugenheim Museum)
    _ http://www.davidsmithestate.org/

  • Emerson Burkhart
    (1905-1969)
    http://www.shortnorth.com/BurkhartGallery.html
    _ http://www.shortnorth.com/BurkhartHayes.html
    (The Short North Gazette)

  • Mark Rothko
    (September 25, 1903 - February 25, 1970)
    http://www.nga.gov/feature/rothko/rothkosplash.html (National Gallery of Art)
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Rothko (Wikipedia)

  • Eva Hesse
    (January 11, 1936 - May 29, 1970)
    http://www.evahesse.com/home.php
    (Estate of Eva Hesse)
    __ http://www.artsci.wustl.edu/~artarch/womenartists/Contemporary/Hesse/hesse_bio.html
    (Women Artists in the Washington University Collections website)

  • Robert Smithson
    (January 2, 1938 - July 20, 1973)
    http://www.robertsmithson.com/
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Smithson

  • Wallace Berman
    (1926 -1976)
    Wallace Berman was killed at age 50 in a motorcycle accident.
    http://www.beatmuseum.org/berman/wallaceberman.html (American Museum of Beat Art)

  • Ree Morton
    (1936-1977)
    http://www.clusterflock.org/2005/11/ree_morton.html (Clusterflock)

  • Francesca Woodman
    (1958-1981)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesca_Woodman (Wikipedia)

  • Garry Winogrand
    (1928 - 1984)
    http://www.oreillynet.com/digitalmedia/blog/2007/03/rare_interview_with_gary_winog.html
    (O'Reilly Digital Media)
    __ http://www.artnet.com/artist/17981/garry-winogrand.html

  • Lee Krasner
    (October 28, 1908 - June 19, 1984)
    http://naples.cc.sunysb.edu/CAS/pkhouse.nsf/pages/krasner (Pollock-Krasner House and Study Center)

  • Ana Mendieta
    (November 18, 1948 - September 8, 1985)
    http://www.offoffoff.com/art/2004/anamendieta.php (Offoffoff Art)
    __ http://www.sfmoma.org/msoma/artworks/8418.html (SFMOMA)

  • Corita Kent
    (November 20, 1918 - September 18, 1986)
    http://www.corita.org/

  • Andy Warhol
    (August 6, 1928 - February 22, 1987)
    http://www.warholfoundation.org/ (The Warhol Foundation)
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Warhol (Wikipedia)

  • Peter Hujar
    (1934-1987)
    http://www.culturevulture.net/ArtandArch/Hujar.htm
    (culturevulture.net)

  • Jean-Michel Basquiat
    (December 22, 1960 - August 12, 1988)
    http://www.english.emory.edu/Bahri/Basquiat.html (Postcolonial Studies, Emory University)

  • Carlos Almaraz
    (October 5, 1941-1989)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Almaraz (Wikipedia)

  • Keith Haring
    (May 4, 1958 - February 16, 1990)
    http://www.haring.com/about_haring/bio/index.html

  • Joan Brown
    (1938 - October, 1990)
    "Transformation: The Art of Joan Brown", Oakland Museum California. September 1998 -- http://www.museumca.org/exhibit/exhi_joan_brown.html

  • Sylvia Lark
    (1947-December 27, 1990)
    __ http://content.cdlib.org/xtf/view?docId=hb4t1nb2bd&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=div00036&toc.depth=1&toc.id=
    (UC Berkeley)

  • Jim Pomeroy
    1945 - 1992
    http://www.niagara.edu/cam/special/Art_of_80s/Artists/pomeroy.html (Castellani Art Museum)

  • David Wojnarowicz
    (September 14, 1954 - July 22, 1992)
    http://www.queer-arts.org/archive/9902/wojnarowicz/wojnarowicz.html (Queer Arts Resource)

  • Moira Dryer
    (1957-1992)
    http://www.citypaper.com/arts/story.asp?id=3896 (Citypaper)

  • Robert John Walker
    (January 9, 1952 - September 19, 1992)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Walker_(photographer) (Wikipedia)

  • Juan Downey
    (1940-1993)
    http://mediaartists.org/content.php?sec=artist&sub=detail&artist_id=238
    (The Media Arts Fellowships)
    __ http://www.variety.com/article/VR108165.html?categoryid=25&cs=1
    (Variety)

  • David Cannon Dashiell
    (July 4, 1952 - June 30, 1993)
    http://www.stretcher.org/archives/e1_a/2003_10_03_e1_archive.php (Stretcher)

  • Louis Carlos Bernal
    (August 18, 1941- August 18, 1993)
    http://www.uapress.arizona.edu/BOOKS/bid1497.htm (University of Arizona Press)

  • Joe Brainard
    (1942- May 25, 1994)
    http://www.joebrainard.org/

  • Ed Kienholz
    (October 23, 1927- June 10, 1994)
    http://www.beatmuseum.org/kienholz/edkienholz.html (Beat Museum)

  • John Jay Steensma
    (December 8, 1941 - October 7, 1994)
    http://www.jaysteensma.com/index.html
    _ http://cocaseattle.org/archives/1997/steensma/bio.html (CoCA)

  • Kate Ericson
    (1955-1995)
    http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=10785 (MIT Press)

  • Roger Brown
    (December 10, 1941 - November 22, 1997)
    http://www.saic.edu/webspaces/rogerbrown/brown/rbartist.html (SAIC Roger Brown Study Collection)

  • Peter Cain
    (1959-1997)
    http://www.villagevoice.com/art/0243,saltz,39332,13.html
    (Village Voice)

  • Paul Dickerson
    (1961-1997)
    http://www.pauldickerson.org/catalog/index.php

  • Christine Tamblyn
    (July 12, 1951- January 1, 1998)
    "Christine Tamblyn", techno-seduction, The Cooper Union for the
    Advancement of Science & Art, 1997 --
    http://www.cooper.edu/art/techno/artists/tamblyn.html (techno-seduction)
    Christine Tamblyn died of breast cancer on New Years day 1998.
    Her work is discussed in Margaret Morse, "The Poetics of Interactivity"
    in Judy Malloy, ed, Women, Art, and Technology, MIT Press, 2003, pp. 16-33.

  • Mark Lombardi
    (1951 - March 22, 2000)
    http://www.pierogi2000.com/memorial/lombardm.html (Pierogi)

  • Carl Loeffler
    (November 14, 1946 - February 5, 2001)
    http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2001/03/17/MNL185890.DTL
    (SF Chronicle)

  • Margaret Kilgallen
    (1967- June 26, 2001)
    http://redcat.org/gallery/current.html
    (Gallery at REDCAT)
    _John Sanford, "Rising young artist Margaret Kilgallen dead at 33", Stanford Report, July 23, 2001 -- http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2001/july25/kilgallen-725.html

  • Michael Richards
    (1963 - September 11, 2001)
    Michael Richards (Franconia Sculpture Park)-- http://www.franconia.org/mrichards.html
    __Judy Malloy, "Michael Richards, August 2, 1963 -- September 11, 2001". Arts Wire Current, September 25, 2001 -- http://www.well.com/user/jmalloy/gunterandgwen/richards.html

  • Robert Giard
    (July 22, 1939 - July 16, 2002)
    http://www.queer-arts.org/archive/show4/forum/giard/giard_text.html (G.L. Mitchell - Queer Arts)
    __Robert Giard Photo Gallery
    http://www.artistswithaids.org/artery/centerpieces/giard_index.html (Robert Atkins - Artery)
    __In Memorium: Robert Giard
    http://www.nyfa.org/current_archive/2002/cur082702.html (Judy Malloy - Arts Wire Current)

  • Galen Rowell
    (August 23, 1940 - August 11, 2002)
    Galen and Barbara Rowell
    http://www.mountainlight.com/
    __Gordon Wiltsie, "A Photographer Remembers Galen and Barbara Rowell", National Geographic News, August 14, 2002 -- http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/08/0814_020814_rowell2.html

  • Doug Michels
    (June 29, 1943 - June 12, 2003)
    http://www.brainwavechick.com/dougmichels/NYTimes.html
    (Doug Michels Tribute)

  • Spalding Gray
    (June 5, 1941 - January 10, 2004)
    http://www.spalding-gray.com/
    __Liza Weisstuch, "Spalding Gray tells all!:Monologist talks of recent triumphs, pain", Harvard Gazette, January 17, 2002 -- http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2002/01.17/03-gray.html
    __"Alone on the Stage, Essayist Roger Rosenblatt remembers monologist Spalding Gray", PBS Newshour -- http://www.pbs.org/newshour/essays/jan-june04/rosenblatt_05-14.html

  • Toni Onley
    (November 20, 1928 - February, 29, 2004)
    http://www.tonionley.com/flash_go.html

  • Irene Pijoan
    (1953- August 18, 2004)
    http://www.library.ci.santa-clara.ca.us/CPL_art/Artist4.htm (Santa Clara City Library)
    _ http://www.renabranstengallery.com/Pijoan_Tour2.html (Rena Bransten Gallery)
    _"In Memoriam | Faculty Irene Pijoan" -- http://sfai.edu/News/NewsDetail.aspx?newsID=1061&navID=215§ionID=8 (San Francisco Art Institute)

  • Nuha al-Radi
    (January 27, 1941- August 30, 2004)
    _Nuha Al-Radi, Baghdad Diaries, NY: Vintage, 2003.
    http://www.daratalfunun.org/main/activit/curentl/homage/Nuha.html
    (Darat Al Funun)
    _al-Radi, Nuha, The Literary Encyclopedia -- http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=5215

  • Steve Schauer
    1952 - June 6, 2006
    http://www.correiagallery.com/artists/schauer/index.html (Patricia Correia Gallery)
    __"Steve Schauer (1952-2006)"
    http://www.topangamessenger.com/Articles.asp?SectionID=6&ArticleID=1971
    (Topanga Messenger)

  • Jason Rhoades
    July 9, 1965 - August 1, 2006
    http://www.davidzwirner.com/artists/5/ (David Zwirner)
    __LA Times Obiturary
    http://www.latimes.com/news/ obituaries/la-me-rhoades3aug03,1,4941886.story?coll=la-news-obituaries

  • Jeremy Blake
    (October 4, 1971 - July 17, 2007)
    http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/01/arts/design/01blake.html?ex=1343620800&en=f380d1743498f8c2&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss
    (NY Times)
    __ http://www.sfmoma.org/exhibitions/exhib_detail.asp?id=200 (SFMOMA)

  • Phil Frank
    (March 27, 1943 - September 13, 2007)
    http://www.farleycomicstrip.com/

  • Julio Galán
    (December 5, 1958 - August 4, 2006)
    http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/15/arts/15galan.htm (The New York Times)
    
    
    Imprisoned Visual Artists

  • Chiura Obata
    (1885-1975)
    http://obata.wilderness.net/
    _ http://www.artelino.com/articles/chiura_obata.asp (artelino)
    - http://www.tfaoi.com/aa/2aa/2aa85.htm (Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco)

  • Ben Steele
    http://www.artmontana.com/article/steele/index.html

  • Claude Cahun and Marcel Moore
    _Acting Out: :Claude Cahun and Marcel Moore, The Judah L. Magnes Museum, Berkeley, April 4, 2005 - July 2005 -- http://www.queerculturalcenter.org/Pages/Tirza/TirzaIndx.html (Queer Cultural Center)

  • Mu Xin
    http://www.asiasociety.org/arts/muxin/ (Asia Society Museum)
    
    
    Visual Artists with Disabilities and/or Victims of Accidents

  • Fitz Hugh Lane
    (December 19, 1804 - August 14, 1865)
    http://www.capeannhistoricalmuseum.org/fine%20art/fitz_hugh_lane.htm
    (Cape Ann Museum)
    __ http://www.butlerart.com/pc_book/pages/fitzhugh.htm (The Butler Institute)

  • Alexander Helwig Wyant
    January 11, 1836 - November 29, 1892)
    http://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/wyant.html (Oxford Gallery)
    __ http://whitemountainart.com/Biographies/bio_ahw.htm
    (White Mountain Art & Artists)

  • George Inness (May 1, 1825 -August 3, 1894)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Inness (Wikipedia)
    __ http://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/inness.html

  • Homer Dodge Martin
    October 28, 1836 - February 2, 1897)
    http://diglib.princeton.edu/ead/eadGetDoc.xq?id=/ead/mss/C1127.EAD.xml
    (Princeton University Library)
    __ http://www.albanyinstitute.org/collections/Hudson/martin.htm
    Albany Institute of History and Art

  • Frederic Edwin Church
    (May 4, 1826 - April 7, 1900)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederic_Edwin_Church (Wikipedia)
    __ http://www.answers.com/topic/frederic-edwin-church?cat=entertainment
    (Answers.com)

  • Anna Althea Hills
    (1882-1930)
    http://www.calart.com/Data/Artists/Anna_Althea_Hills.asp
    http://www.irvinemuseum.org/artist3_hills.html (Irvine Museum)

  • Arthur Putnam
    (1873-1930)
    http://www.wildlifeart.org/Collections/ArtistBio.cfm?tArtistid=418&tUrl=ArtistBioMain.cfm&UrlName=Artist%20Biographies (National Museum of Wildlife)
    __ http://www.books-about-california.com/Pages/ Art_of_the_Exposition/Illustrations/Art_of_the_Expo_illus_14.html
    (The Art of the Exposition )

  • Granville Redmond
    (1871-1935)
    http://www.irvinemuseum.org/artist4_redmond.html (Irvine Museum)

  • Douglas Tilden
    (1860-1935)
    http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/gaybears/tilden/ (Gay Bears)
    __"The Mechanics Monument" -- http://www.sandowmuseum.com/monument.html (Sandow Museum)

  • Charles Demuth
    (November 9, 1883 - October 23, 1935)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Demuth
    _ http://www.3d-dali.com/Artist-Biographies/Charles_Demuth.html
    http://www.cartermuseum.org/exhibitions/chimneys-and-towers-charles-demuths-late-paintings-of-lancaster
    
    
  • Dorothea Lange
    http://myhero.com/myhero/hero.asp?hero=d_lange (My Hero)

  • Sam Francis
    (June 25, 1923 - November 4, 1994)
    http://www.franklinbowlesgallery.com/NY/Artists/Mod_Masters/Francis/francis.html
    (Franklin Bowles Gallery)
    __ http://www.hollistaggart.com/artists/francis.htm (Hollis Taggart)
    __ http://www.broadbentgallery.com/francis/francis_home.html (Broadbent)

  • Helen Nestor
    http://www.museumca.org/exhibit/exhib_nestor.html (Oakland Museum of Contemporary Art)

  • Carol Rosenak
    (1925-2002)
    http://www.focusonthemasters.com/gallery/artist_72.html
    (Focus on the Masters)
    
    
  • Chuck Close
    http://www.chuckclose.coe.uh.edu/

  • Dale Chihuly
    http://dalechihulybiography.blogspot.com/

    Mark di Suvero
    http://www.artnet.com/artist/20116/mark-di-suvero.html
    (artnet)
    __ http://www.stormking.org/MarkdiSuvero.html (Storm King Art Center) __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_di_Suvero (Wikipedia)

  • Donna-Lee Phillips
    http://www.photocriticism.com/PCCA/demo/archiveauthors/phillipspccademo.html (Photography Criticism CyberArchive)

  • Robert T. Schimke
    http://www.stanford.edu/group/schimke/artist.html (Stanford)

  • Katherine Sherwood
    http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~sherwood/sherwood/articles/berkeleyan.html

    Alice Wingwall
    http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2005/02/18/EBG90B98SE1.DTL
    (SF Chronicle)

    
    
    Further Resources

  • Australasian Art Obituaries Index
    http://www.nga.gov.au/Research/Obituaries/Default.cfm?ViewID=1&Alpha=A&Aus=True

  • Lillian Freedgood, "Wooded Temples", in Lillian Freedgood, An Enduring Image,
    American Painting From 1665
    , NY: Thomas Y. Cromwell Company, 1970. pp. 101-139.
    (Includes short biographies of members of The Hudson River School
    including Fitz Hugh Lane, who was confined to a wheelchair; Alexander Helwig Wyant,
    who was paralized on his right side and learned to paint with his left hand;
    George Inness, who painted despite bouts with epilepsy; Homer Dodge Martin,
    who painted from memory when he was nearly blind; and Frederic Edwin Church,
    who was so crippled by arthritis that he could not paint for the last 20 years
    that he lived.

  • Judy Malloy, Concerto for Narrative Data
    http://www.well.com/user/jmalloy/concerto/begin.html

  • Judith Rothschild Foundation
    http://www.judithrothschildfdn.org/

  • Carollee Schneemann, MORTAL COILS, Terminals,
    http://time.arts.ucla.edu/terminals/schneemann/coils.html

  • Giorgio Vasari, Lives of the Artists,
    A Selection Translated by George Bull. Vol I, Vol II,
    London: Penguin Books, 1971. pp. 124-132

  • Steven Winn, "AIDS at 25", San Francisco Chronicle, June 8, 2006
    http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/06/08/ DDGOGJ9EQP1.DTL&hw=AIDS+artists&sn=005&sc=507
    
    
    
    Writers

  • Anne Askew
    (1521 -1546)
    English writer and Protestant reformer Ann Askew was tortured on the rack
    in the Tower of London until she was unable to walk.
    It would seem from the accounts that she was tortured not only
    for her faith but also because she was a strong woman writer
    who not only stood up for what she believed but also wrote about it
    Ann Askew was only 25 years old when she was burned at the stake.

    http://www.enotes.com/literary-criticism/askew-anne (eNotes)
    _ http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUDaskew.htm (Sparticus)

  • Christopher Marlowe
    (February 26, 1564 - May 30, 1593)
    A few weeks after he was accused of heresy, English poet and playwright
    Christopher Marlowe was killed in a fight that may have been instigated by
    British intelligence agents with ties to the London underworld.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Marlowe (Wikipedia)

  • Thomas Nashe
    (November 1567-1601)
    http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/nashebio.htm
    (Luminarium Anthology of English Literature)

  • Molière
    (January 15, 1622 - On February 17, 1673)
    Molière died of a hemorrhage while playing the role of the hypochondriac in Le Malade Imaginaire
    http://www.imagi-nation.com/moonstruck/clsc35.html (Moonstruck Drama Bookstore)

  • Sister Juana Ines de la Cruz
    (November 12, 1651 - April 17, 1695)
    Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Project -- http://www.dartmouth.edu/~sorjuana/

  • John Gay
    June 30, 1685 - December 4, 1732)
    http://www.hoasm.org/VIIA/JohnsonGay.html (Samuel Johnson)

  • John Bunyan
    (November 28, 1628 - August 31, 1688)
    http://columbia.thefreedictionary.com/John+Bunyan (The Free Dictionary)

  • Laurence Sterne
    (November 24, 1713 - March 18, 1768)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurence_Sterne (Wikipedia)

  • Robert Burns
    (January 25, 1759 - July 21, 1796)
    http://www.nls.uk/burns/index.htm (National Library of Scotland)
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Burns (Wikipedia)

  • John Keats
    (October 31, 1795 - February 23, 1821)
    http://www.john-keats.com/

  • The Bronte Family
    _Emily Jane Bronte
    (July 30, 1818 - December 19, 1848)
    _Anne Bronte
    (January 17, 1820 - May 28, 1849)
    Charlotte Bronte
    (April 21, 1816 - March 31, 1855)
    http://www.brontefamily.org/history.html
    http://www.bronte.org.uk (Bronte Parsonage Museum and Bronte Society)

  • Sir Walter Scott
    (August 14, 1771 (?) - September 1832)
    http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/wscott.htm (Authors' Calendar)

  • Samuel Taylor Coleridge
    (October 21, 1772 - July 25, 1834)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge (Wikipedia)
    _ http://www.lexingtonbooks.com/Catalog/SingleBook.shtml?command=Search&db=%5EDB/CATALOG.db&eqSKUdata=0739106112 (The Broad Church: A Biography of a Movement)

  • John Sterling
    (July 20, 1806 - September 18, 1844)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Sterling_(author) (Wikipedia)

  • Henry David Thoreau
    (July 12, 1817 - May 6, 1862)
    http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/thoreau.htm (Authors' Calendar)
    __ http://thoreau.eserver.org/ (The Thoreau Reader)

  • Elizabeth Gaskell
    (September 29, 1810 - November 12, 1865)
    http://www3.shropshire-cc.gov.uk/gaskelle.htm
    (Literary Heritage West Midlands)
    __ http://www.lang.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~matsuoka/EG-DLB.html (The Gaskell Web)

  • Alice Cary
    (April 26, 1820-February 12, 1871)
    Phoebe Cary
    (September 4, 1824-July 31, 1871)
    http://www.uua.org/uuhs/duub/articles/carysisters.html)
    (The Dictionary of Unitarian and Universalist Biography)

  • Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
    (February 27, 1807 - March 24, 1882)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow (Wikipedia)

  • Gerard Manley Hopkins
    (July 28, 1844 - June 8, 1889)
    http://www.hopkinsquarterly.com/Biography.htm (Hopkins Quarterly)

  • Arthur Rimbaud
    (October 20, 1854 - November 10, 1891)
    http://www.mag4.net/Rimbaud/indexe.html

  • Robert Louis Stevenson
    (November 13, 1850 - December 3, 1894)
    __The Robert Louis Stevenson Website -- http://dinamico.unibg.it/rls/rls.htm
    __Alexander Harvey, "Life of Robert Louis Stevenson" -- http://www.bartleby.com/188/1000.html (bartleby.com)

  • Stephen Crane
    (November 1, 1871 - June 5, 1900)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Crane (Wikipedia)
    __ http://www.wsu.edu/~campbelld/crane/ (Stephen Crane Society)

  • Oscar Wilde
    (October 16, 1854 - November 30, 1900)
    http://www.cmgww.com/historic/wilde/index.php

  • Frank Norris
    (March 5, 1870 - October 25, 1902)
    http://www.cateweb.org/CA_Authors/Norris.html (by Janice Albert, California Authors)

  • Nora May French
    (1881-November 13, 1907)
    http://www.nora-may-french.org/

  • Paul Laurence Dunbar
    (June 27, 1872 - February 9, 1906)
    http://www.dunbarsite.org/ (University of Dayton)

  • Mark Twain
    (November 30, 1835 - April 21, 1910)
    http://www.cmgww.com/historic/twain/
    __ http://salwen.com/pstwain.html (Pater Salwen's Mark Twain Page)

  • Frances Ellen Watkins Harper
    (September, 24, 1825 - February 22, 1911)
    http://voices.cla.umn.edu/vg/Bios/entries/watkins_frances_ellen.html (Voices from the Gaps)

    Georg Trakl
    (February 3, 1887 - November 3, 1914)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Trakl (Wikipedia)

  • Ambrose Bierce
    (June 24, 1842-1914?)
    http://www.biercephile.com/

  • Jack London
    (January 12, 1876 - November 22, 1916)
    http://www.parks.sonoma.net/JLStory.html

  • Joyce Kilmer
    (December 6, 1886 - July 30, 1918)
    http://www.nycgovparks.org/sub_your_park/historical_signs/hs_historical_sign.php?id=9733
    (Joyce Kilmer Triangle)

  • British poets killed in World War I
    Robert Sterling, Walter Lyon, Colwyn Philipps, Julian Grenfell, Charles Sorley,
    Roland Leighton, Rex Freston, Cyril Horne, Bernard Pitt, Will Streets,
    Alexander Robertson, Gilbert Waterhouse, Henry Field, Bernard White, Alfred Ratcliffe,
    Noel Hodgson, Donald Johnson, Dick Dennys, Robert Beckh, Hugh Smith, Eric Berridge,
    Cyril Winterbotham, Tom Kettle, Raymond Asquith, Edward Tennant, Nicholas Todd,
    Leslie Coulson, Geoffrey Smith, John Gray, Arthur West, Walter Wilkinson, Edward Thomas
    Robert Vernede, Hamish Mann, William Littlejohn, Clifford Flower, Eugene Crombie,
    Vincent Morris, Harold Parry, Bernard Trotter, Oliphant Down, Gerald Samuel, William Short,
    Charles Masefield, John Hobson, Ellis Evans, Francis Ledwidge, T.E. Hulme, Eric Wilkinson,
    William Hamilton, Alan Mackintosh, Patrick Shaw-Stewart, Colin Mitchell, Cameron Wilson,
    Charles Blackall, Isaac Rosenberg, John Brown, John Stewart, Claude Templar, Claude Penrose,
    John Baker, John Hardyman, Henry Simpson, Alec de Candole, Vivian Pemberton, Wifred Owen

    (1915-1918)
    Anne Powell, Deep Cry: First World War Soldier-Poets Killed in France and Flanders,
    Phoenix Mill, UK: Sutton, 1998.

  • Katherine Mansfield
    (October 14, 1888 - January 9, 1923)
    http://www.katherinemansfield.com/

  • Gene Stratton Porter
    (August 17, 1863 - December 6, 1924)
    http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/stratton.htm (Author's Calendar)

  • Ring Lardner, Sr.
    (March 6, 1885 - September 25, 1933)
    http://iml.jou.ufl.edu/projects/Fall99/Bembrey/ring.html

  • Federico García Lorca
    (June 5, 1898 - August 19, 1936)
    http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/fglorca.htm (Authors' Calendar)

  • Christine Quintasket (Mourning Dove)
    (1888-1936)
    http://www.saidit.org/archives/june99/remember.html (She Said It)

  • César Vallejo
    (March 16, 1892 - April 15, 1938)
    http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/30 (Poets.org)

  • Thomas Wolfe
    (October 3, 1900-September 15, 1938)
    http://library.uncwil.edu/wolfe/wolfe.html

  • Sidney Howard
    (June 26, 1891 - August 23, 1939)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Howard (Wikipedia)

  • Heyward DuBose
    (August 31, 1885 – June 16, 1940)
    http://www.myhero.com/myhero/hero.asp?hero=heyward (My Hero Project)
    __ http://www.upress.state.ms.us/catalog/spring2000/dubose_heyward.html
    (University Press of Mississippi)

  • Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald
    (September 24, 1896 - December 21, 1940)
    http://www.sc.edu/fitzgerald/biography.html (F. Scott Fitzgerald Centenary)

  • Nathanael West
    (October 17, 1903 - December 22, 1940)
    http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/nwest.htm (Author's Calendar)

  • James Joyce
    (February 2, 1882 - January 13, 1941)
    http://www.time.com/time/time100/artists/profile/joyce.html (The Time 100)
    __ http://www.salon.com/audio/2000/10/05/joyce1/index.html (Salon)

  • Virginia Woolf
    (January 25, 1882 - March 28, 1941)
    http://www.online-literature.com/virginia_woolf/ (The Literature Network)
    _ http://www.virginiawoolfsociety.co.uk/ (Virginia Woolf Society)

  • Rabindranath Tagore
    (May 7, 1861 - August 7, 1941)
    http://nobelprize.org/literature/laureates/1913/tagore-bio.html

  • Miguel Hernández
    (October 30, 1910 - March 28, 1942)
    http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/344 (Poets.org)

  • Lucy Maud Montgomery
    (November 30, 1874 - April 24, 1942)
    http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/lmmontg.htm (Authors' Calender)

  • Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
    (June 29, 1900 - July 31, 1944)
    http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/exupery.htm (Authors' Calender)

  • Noor Inayat Khan
    (January 1, 1914 - September 11, 1944)
    http://www.64-baker-street.org/agents/ agent_fany_noor_inayat_khan.html
    (64 Baker Street)
    _Noor Inayat Khan
    Twenty Jataka Tales, Vermont, Inner Traditions International
    http://www.innertraditions.com/Product.jmdx?action=displayDetail&id=509

  • Anne Frank
    (June 12, 1929 - March, 1945)
    http://www.annefrank.com/ (The Anne Frank Center)

  • Margaret Mitchell
    (November 8, 1900 - August 16, 1949)
    http://www.gwtw.org/margaretmitchell.html (Margaret Mitchell House and Museum)
    __timeline -- http://www.gwtw.org/margaretmitchell-timeline.html
    __Margaret Mitchel and Black Atlanta -- http://www.gwtw.org/margaretmitchell-blackatlanta.html
    __ http://www.geocities.com/Athens/6098/index.html

  • Heinrich Mann
    (March 27, 1871 - March 12, 1950)
    http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/hmann.htm (Authors' Calendar)

  • Sinclair Lewis
    (February 7, 1885 - January 10, 1951)
    http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/slewis.htm (Authors' Calendar)

  • Jan Struther
    (June 6, 1901 - July 20, 1953)
    http://www.virago.co.uk/author_results.asp?TAG=&CID=&PGE=&LANG=en&ref=e2007031914544584&SF1=data&ST1=profile (Virago)

  • Dorothy Sayers
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_L._Sayers (Wikipedia)
    _ http://www.sayers.org.uk/dorothy.html (Dorothy L Sayers Society)

  • Zora Neale Hurston
    (January 7, 1891 - January 28, 1960)
    http://voices.cla.umn.edu/vg/Bios/entries/hurston_zora_neale.html (Voices from the Gaps)

  • Dashiell Hammett
    (May 27, 1894 - January 10, 1961)
    http://www.mysterynet.com/hammett/ (MysteryNet.com)

  • Ernest Hemingway
    (July 21, 1899 - July 2, 1961)
    http://www.ernest.hemingway.com/

  • William Faulkner
    (September 25, 1897 - July 6, 1962)
    http://www.olemiss.edu/mwp/dir/faulkner_william/
    (Mississippi Writers Page)

  • Sylvia Plath
    (October 27, 1932 - February 11, 1963)
    http://www.sylviaplath.info/index2.html

  • Theodore Roethke
    (May 25, 1908 – August 1, 1963)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_Roethke (Wikipedia)

  • C. S. Lewis
    (November 29, 1898 - November 22, 1963)
    http://cslewis.drzeus.net/bio/
    (Into the Wardrobe)
    _ http://www.cslewis.org/resources/chronocsl.html
    (C. S. Lewis Foundation)

  • Grace Metalious
    (September 8, 1924 - February 25, 1964)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_Metalious (Wikipedia)
    _ http://www.meekermuseum.com/peytonp.html (Meeker Museum)

  • Lorraine Hansberry
    (May 19, 1930 - January 12, 1965)
    http://voices.cla.umn.edu/vg/Bios/entries/hansberry_larraine.html (Voices from the Gaps)

  • Frank O'Hara
    (June 27, 1926 - July 25, 1966)
    http://www.frankohara.org/index.html
    _ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_O'Hara (Wikipedia)

  • Edwin O'Connor
    (July 29, 1918 - March 23, 1968)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_O'Connor (Wikipedia)

  • Antonio Oliver Belmás
    (January 29, 1903 - July 28, 1968)
    http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Oliver (Wikipedia)

  • Charles Olson
    December 27, 1910 - January 10, 1970
    http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/m_r/olson/life.htm (Modern American Poetry)

  • Kenneth Patchen
    (December 13, 1911-January 8, 1972)
    http://poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/23 (Academy of American Poets)

  • William Inge
    (May 3, 1913 - June 10, 1973)
    http://www.ingecenter.org

  • Theresa Hak Kyung Cha
    (1951 - 1982)
    http://voices.cla.umn.edu/vg/Bios/entries/cha_theresa_hak_kyung.html (Voices from the Gaps)

  • Ted Berrigan
    November 15, 1934 - July 4, 1983
    http://www.bostonphoenix.com/boston/arts/books/documents/05024263.asp (Boston Phoneix)

  • Lillian Hellman
    (June 20, 1905 - June 30, 1984)
    http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/lhellman.htm (Authors' Calendar)
    _Lillian Hellman's FBI file (source: Herbert Mitgang, Dangerous dossiers :
    exposing the secret war against America's greatest authors

    New York : D.I. Fine, 1988 - on the The Literature & Culture of the American 1950s University of Pennsylvania) -- http://www.writing.upenn.edu/~afilreis/50s/hellman-per-fbi.html

  • Richard Brautigan
    (January 30, 1935 - September 14, 1984)
  • http://www.brautigan.net/biography.html
    (Brautigan Bibliography and Archive)

  • Italo Calvino
    (October 15, 1923 - September 19, 1985)
    http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/calvino.htm (Books and Writers)

  • John Ciardi
    (June 24, 1916 - March 30, 1986)
    http://www.italianamericanwriters.com/Cifelli.html (Italian American Writers)

  • Sam D'Allesandro
    (1956-1988)
    http://www.kqed.org/arts/people/profile.jsp?id=5191 KQED

  • Wallace Stegner
    (February 18, 1909-April 13, 1993)
    http://sfpl.lib.ca.us/librarylocations/main/envir/wsbio.htm (San Francisco Public Library)

  • Jane Kenyon
    (May 23, 1947 - April 22, 1995)
    http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/361 (poets.org)

  • Essex Hemphill
    (April 16, 1957 - November 4, 1995)
    http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/481 (Poets.org)

  • Larry Levis
    (September 30, 1946 - May 1996)
    http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/385
    (poets.org)
    __"How Things Outlive Us": Larry Levis' Selected Poems --
    http://poetry.about.com/library/weekly/aa121200a.htm (poetry.about.com)

  • Kathy Acker
    (April 18, 1947 - November 30, 1997)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker

  • Odette Myers
    (1934-2001)
    http://www.jewishsf.com/content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/15475/edition_id/301/format/html/displaystory.html (Jewish News Weekly)

  • Louis D. Owens
    (1948- July 25, 2002)
    http://www.dcn.davis.ca.us/~gizmo/2002/owens.html

  • Amanda Davis
    (February 28, 1971 - March 14, 2003)
    http://wonderwhenyoullmissme.com/

  • Roberta Spear
    (1948-2003)
    http://www.heydaybooks.com/public/books/asr.html (Heyday)

  • Pedro Pietri
    (March 21, 1944 - March 3, 2004)
    _Raymond R. Beltran, "Nuyorican Obituary, Pedro Pietri, 59, Served The People" http://calacapress.com/pedropietri.html
    (Calaca Press)
    _Pedro Pietri, "Puerto Rican Obituary" -- http://www.msu.edu/user/sullivan/PietriPoemObit.html

  • Hope Kurtz
    (1959 - May 11, 2004)
    http://www.thebrooklynrail.org/arts/july04/hopekurtz.html
    (Obituary by Christina Hung, The Brooklyn Rail)

  • Gloria Evangelina Anzaldúa
    (September 26, 1942 - May 15, 2004)
    http://gloria.chicanas.com/keatingobit.html
    (A Web Alter for Gloria)

  • Larry Brown
    (July 9, 1951 - November 24, 2004)
    http://www.olemiss.edu/mwp/dir/brown_larry/index.html (Mississippi Writers Page)
    __ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_Brown_%28author%29 (Wikipedia)

  • Susan Sontag
    (January 16, 1933 - December 28, 2004)
    http://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/28/ books/28cnd-sont.html?ex=1261976400&en=f88d1dfbe30c3c3b&ei=5089&partner=rssyahoo (The New York Times)

  • Tory Dent
    (1958 - December 30, 2005)
    http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/106
    (Poets.org)

  • Wendy Wasserstein
    (October 18, 1950 - January 30, 2006)
    http://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/31/theater/31wasserstein.html?ex=1296363600&en=5f1fd4313e8b7d1e&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss
    (The New York Times)

  • Octavia Butler
    (June 22, 1947 - February 24, 2006)
    http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/books/260959_butlerobit26ww.html (Seattle Post-Intelligencer)

  • Elizabeth Stromme
    (January 1, 1947 - December 7, 2006)
    http://www.undergroundgardener.com/index.htm
    
    
    Imprisoned Writers

  • Antonio Oliver Belmás
    (January 29, 1903 - July 28, 1968)
    http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Oliver (Wikipedia)

  • Alvah Bessie, Herbert Biberman, Lester Cole, Edward Dmytryk,
    Ring Lardner, Jr., John Howard Lawson, Albert Maltz, Samuel Ornitz, Adrian Scott, and
    Dalton Trumbo
    - The Hollywood Ten
    http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/blacklist.html
    Media Resources Center, Moffitt Library, University of California, Berkeley.

  • John Bunyan
    http://columbia.thefreedictionary.com/John+Bunyan (TheFreeDictionary)

  • E. E. Cummings
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._E._Cummings (Wikipedia)

  • Angela Davis
    http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAdavisAN.htm (Sparticus)

  • Dashiell Hammett
    http://www.mysterynet.com/hammett/ (MysteryNet.com)

  • Miguel Hernández
    http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/344 (Poets.org)

  • Ring Lardner, Jr.
    __D.J. Johnson, "The Last of the Hollywood Ten is Gone - Ring Lardner, Jr.", Cosmik Debris-- http://www.cosmik.com/aa-november00/ring_lardner.html

  • Jose Marti
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose_Marti (Wikipedia)

  • Shahid Nadeem
    http://www.levantinecenter.org/A911Gallery02/a911gallerydrama.html

  • Heberto Padilla
    Nick Caistor, "Heberto Padilla - Poetic symbol of intellectual repression in Castro's Cuba", The Guardian, October 14, 2000 -- http://www.guardian.co.uk/cuba/story/0,11983,712716,00.html

  • Alexander Solzhenitsyn
    - Autobiography -- http://nobelprize.org/ literature/laureates/1970/solzhenitsyn-autobio.html

  • Oscar Wilde
    http://www.cmgww.com/historic/wilde/index.php
    
    

  • PEN Canada, "Writers in Prison" -- http://www.pencanada.ca/programs/prison/index.php
    
    
    Writers Whose Work was Relentlessly Attacked

  • F. Scott Fitzgerald
    http://www.sc.edu/fitzgerald/biography.html

  • John Steinbeck
    http://www.steinbeck.org/MainFrame.html
    _Robert E.Morseberger, "Steinbeck and Censorship" -- http://www.csupomona.edu/~jis/2003/Morsberger.pdf
    
    
    Writers with Disabilites or Victims of Serious Accidents

  • John Milton
    (December 9, 1608 - November 8, 1674)
    http://www.christs.cam.ac.uk/milton400/life.htm
    (John Milton 400th Anniversary Celebrations)

  • Elizabeth Barrett Browning
    (March 6, 1806 - June 29, 1861)
    http://www.victorianweb.org/authors/ebb/ebbio.html (Victorian Web)

  • Carson McCullers
    (February 19, 1917- April 30, 1967)
    http://www.carson-mccullers.com/mccullers/timeline.htm

  • Kenneth Patchen
    (1911-1972)
    http://poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/23 (Academy of American Poets)

  • Audre Lorde
    (February 18, 1934 - November 17, 1992)
    http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/g_l/lorde/life.htm (Modern American Poetry)

  • John Fante
    (April 8, 1909 - May 8, 1983)
    http://www.genordell.com/stores/spirit/JFante.htm (Spirit of America Bookstore)

  • Josephine Miles
    (1911-1985)
    http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/archives_exhibits/in_memoriam/catalog/miles_josephine.html (in Memoriam, University of California)
    
    
    
  • Lynn Manning
    http://www.lynnmanning.com/

  • Cynthia Huntington
    http://www.fourwaybooks.com/books/huntington/huntington_about.html
    _Kristin Proulx, "New state poet writes of strength, With Council's okay, Huntington takes post", Concord Monitor January 18, 2004 -- _ http://www.mult-sclerosis.org/news/Jan2004/PoetwMS.html (The Multiple Sclerosis Information Trust website)

  • Judy Malloy
    http://www.well.com/user/jmalloy/mybio.html

  • Stephen King
    http://www.horrorking.com/
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_King (Wikipedia)
    
    
    Additional Resources

  • Feuchtwanger Memorial Library, Exiled German-Speaking Intellectuals in Los Angeles -- http://www.usc.edu/libraries/archives/arc/libraries/feuchtwanger/exiles/studies.html
    This website is hosted by The Feuchtwanger Memorial Library, a collection donated to the University of Southern California by German exile writer Lion Feuchtwanger's widow, Marta Feuchtwanger.

  • Herbert Mitgang, Dangerous Dossiers,
    Exposing the Secret War Against America's Greatest Authors
    ,
    NY, Donald Fine, 1988.

  • International PEN
    http://www.internationalpen.org.uk/

  • PEN America
    http://www.pen.org/

  • PEN Canada, "Writers in Exile Network"
    http://www.pencanada.ca/programs/exile/index.php

  • Poets' Corner
    http://www.theotherpages.org/poems/index.html

  • Anne Powell, Deep Cry: First World War Soldier-Poets Killed in France and Flanders,
    Phoenix Mill, UK: Sutton, 1998.

    War Poets Association (UK)
    http://www.warpoets.org/

  • Edmund White, Loss within Loss: Artists in the Age of AIDS, University of Wisconsin Press, 2001
    http://www.artistswithaids.org/artforms/literature/index.html (The Estate Project)
    
    
    Journalists

  • Nellie Bly
    (May 5, 1864 - January 27, 1922)
    http://www.library.csi.cuny.edu/dept/history/lavender/386/nellie.html (True Women, New Women: Women in New York City, 1890-1940)

  • Ernie Pyle
    (August 3, 1900 - April 18, 1945)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernie_Pyle (Wikipedia)

  • Robert Capa
    (October 22, 1913 - May 25, 1954)
    http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAPcapa.htm (Spartacus Educational)

  • Don Hollenbeck
    (March 30, 1905 - June 22, 1954)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Hollenbeck (Wikipedia)

  • Edward R. Murrow
    (April 25, 1908 - April 27, 1965)
    http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/database/murrow_e.html (PBS American Masters)

  • Dickey Chappelle
    (1918-November 4, 1965)
    Mark Jenkins, "'Gal Reporters': Breaking Barriers in World War II", National Geographic News, December 10, 2003 -- http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/12/1210_031210_warwomen.html

  • Robert Jackson Ellison
    (July 6, 1944 - March 6, 1968)
    http://dirckhalstead.org/issue9711/req31.htm ("Requiem, The Photographers", The Digital Journalist)

  • Charlotta Bass
    (February, 14, 1874 - April, 12, 1969)
    http://www.socallib.org/bass/story/index.html (The Southern California Library)

  • Ruben Salazar
    (March 3, 1928 - August 29, 1970)
    http://www.aztlan.net/ruben_salazar.htm (aztlan.net/UC Press)

  • Margaret Bourke-White
    (June 14, 1904 - August 27, 1971)
    http://www.photo-seminars.com/Fame/MargaretWhite.htm (Photo-Seminars.com)

  • Cornelius Ryan
    (June 5, 1920 - November 23, 1974)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelius_Ryan (Wikipedia)

  • Don Bolles
    (July 28, 1928 - June 13, 1976)
    http://www.azcentral.com/specials/special01/0528bolles-profile.html (azcentral.com)

  • Irma Flaquer
    1938-?
    June Carolyn Erlick, "Disappeared: A Journalist Silenced", Seal Press, 2004
    http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/1580051138/ref=sib_dp_pt/103-4895537-4898265#reader-link
    _Reviews -- http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1580051138/ref%3Dnosim/moontravelhandbo/103-4895537-4898265

  • Randy Shilts
    (August 8, 1951 - February 17, 1994)
    http://www.glbtq.com/literature/shilts_r.html(glbtq)

  • Angus Mackenzie
    (1950 - May, 13, 1994)
    http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/JFKmackenzie.htm (Spartacus)

  • Steve Kangas
    (May 11, 1961 - February 8, 1999)
    http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/JFKkangas.htm (Sparticus)
    _ http://archive.salon.com/21st/feature/1999/03/19feature.html
    (Andrew Leonard, Salon)

  • Barbara Powers
    November 30, 1916 - October 10, 2001
    http://www.well.com/user/jmalloy/sanctuary/familyheroes.html

  • Daniel Pearl
    (October 10, 1963 - January 29/30, 2002)
    http://www.danielpearl.org/about_us/danielpearl_bio.html

  • John Wallach
    (June 18, 1943 - July 10, 2002)
    http://www.middlebury.edu/about/pubaff/addresses/John_Wallach_1999.htm (Middlebuy College)
    _ http://www.wagingpeace.org/menu/programs/youth-outreach/peace-heroes/wallach-john.htm (NAPF)

  • Frank del Olmo
    (May 18, 1948- February 19, 2004)
    http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-delolmo20feb20,1,7083849.story?coll=la-news-obituaries (LA Times)

  • Iris Chang
    (March 28, 1968 - November 9, 2004)
    http://www.irischang.net/

  • Gary Webb
    (August 31, 1955 - December 10, 2004)
    http://www.fromthewilderness.com/free/ww3/121304_gary_webb.shtml
    (From the Wilderness)

  • Yasser Salihee
    1975 - June 24, 2005
    James Cogan, "Journalist killed after