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Counterculture Timeline: The Eighties: End of the Cold War 1987 - 1991

1985-2010 GenX generation (Nomad) born 1965-1990 continues to turn 20

    EVENTS   ARTS
1987       1987
MUSIC/CINEMA/PUBLISHING

?Ruben Blades
?Ladysmith Black Mambazo

TV: Vietnam series, Thirtysomething

Woody Allen: Radio Days
Dirty Dancing
La Bamba (Luis Valdez plays Richie Valens)
Platoon (saw as 86)
Cry Freedom, Mandela, Walker
Good Morning, Vietnam
(Fatal Attraction)
(Hope and Glory)
(My Life as a Dog)
Sammy and Rosie Get Laid
Fire From the Mountain (Nicaraguan struggle)
Walker
The East/The West (film by Kiyoshi Miyato on American Indians)

Do What You Love, The Money Will Follow - Sinetar
Growing a Business - Hawken
The Great Depression of 1990 - Ravi Batra (summer?)
Aug 15 &16   Harmonic convergence

 
Sept   Sept 1 -Brian Wilson loses legs at Concord Naval Weapons Station

(Turning third world debt into bonds) Ecuador debt-for-nature swap

 
Oct   Oct 5 US Supreme Court refuses to hear Native American activist Leonard Peltier appeal
Oct? Bork hearings
Oct 11 Second Lesbian & Gay March, Washington DC, again unreported by press.
President Oscar Arias Sanchez of Costa Rica wins Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to end the fighting in Central America.
Prime interest rate raised to 9 1/4 (fifth raise this year)
Oct 16 &19 Wall Street: stock market/Dow falls 508 points
US attack on Iran oil platforms

 
Nov   Gorbachev criticizes Stalin on the 70th anniversary of the Russian Revolution, opening the door to re-examination of the Soviet past and loosening censorship

California Rural Legal Assistance and California Agrarian Action Project win suit (started 1979) against University of California for preferential research for large agri-business farmers

Nov 12 Unita/SA defeat in Angola (re-check xx)


 
Dec   INF Treaty signed by Reagan and Gorbachev providing for elimination of medium- and shorter-range nuclear missiles, during the first visit of a Soviet leader to the US in 14 years

 


1988   Nearly every West African country receives offers for accepting hazardous waste.
?ARDIS (Assoc for Responsible Dissent): Philip Agee, John Stockwell, Verne Lyon, Ralph McGehee, Philip Roettinger, Ilona Maria Lorenz.
?British buying up US?
"NIMBY"
Worst drought in 50 years & warmest Jan-May on record: farms in south & midwest US devastated; forest fires - Global warming draws public interest
Three million homeless in U.S. (sez EWJ)
Federal "Drug Czar" appointed to lead war on illegal drugs

  1988
MUSIC/CINEMA/PUBLISHING

Tracy Chapman
Michelle Shocked
K.D. Lang
?Baez, Collins, + Cohen
+ Iggy Pop, Patti Smith, Pere Ubu
Dinosaurs
?Japanese Taiko drums
Le Mystere des Voix Bulgares

TV: thirtysomething (when did it start?)
Miami Vice (ditto)

The Unbearable Lightness of Being (from Kundera)
Moonstruck
Babette's Feast
School Daze (Spike Lee)
The Milagro Beanfield War
Wings of Desire - Wim Wenders
Bagdad Cafe
Colors (Dennis Hopper)
Stand and Deliver (Edward Olmos plays Jaime Escalante)
The War in El Cedro (Viet vets go to Nicaragua)
The Last Temptation of Christ (Scorsese)
(Salam Bombay)
Tucker (Coppola)
Imagine: John Lennon
(Working Girl)
?Rain Man
(Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown)

The Chalice & the Blade
Matthew Fox: The Coming of the Cosmic Christ
William Gibson: Mona Lisa Overdrive
Jan   Restoring the Earth Conference

Jan 26 Australian Aborigines mark Australia's 200th anniversary as "invasion day"

 
Feb   Contra-Aid debate.
Ft. Bragg offshore oil drilling hearing.
EEC decides on 1992 Single European Market (end to internal barriers).
Gorbachev announces withdrawal of all 115,000 Soviet troops from Afhanistan.
Costa Rica's La Selva Protected Zone debt-for-nature swap.
G.E. workers agree to pay cut to keep their jobs.
Thousands of Armenians demand cancellation of a proposed chemical plant near Yerevan.


 
March   Mar 16 Puget Sound oil spill.
Mar 16 Iranscam indictments.
Mar 17 US soldiers sent to Honduras
Mar 24 Another Stock Market drop

 
April   Apr 18 Attack on Iraq + Palestinian leader shot

Apr 25
Greenpeace & the Danish Government debate Association of Martime Incinerators before scientific committee of the London Dumping Convention over proposal for world-wide ban on incineration of toxic wastes at sea, which European countries have been doing since 1969 (about 90,000 tons toxic waste a year)

Apr 26
?Shell? oil spill - Suisun Bay

 
May   U.S. inflation worries starting again).
Hungary: Kadar out after 32 years.
Lilco agrees to sell unfinished Long Island Shoreham nuclear power plant to NY for $1 to be dismantled (ck for more recent ???)
May-Jun Reagan visits Gorbachev in Moscow & signs xxx

 
June   June 1 Brazilian govt recognizes Native American right to remain in their territories.
Jn? Australian govt agrees to negotiate first treaty with Aborigines.
The Khian Sea, which left Philadelphia Oct 1986 with 10,000 tones of incinerator ash, has been refused permission to dump in the Bahamas, Dominican Republic, Honduras, Haiti, & Guinea-Bissau
June/July Dollar rises (through summer) 120 to 135 yen

 
July   U.K.:Big summer of House Party/Acid House all-night dance events (Ecstasy at The Hacienda, Manchester).
Hospital wastes found on US east coast beaches.
Sunday before 31st: 100,000 people link hands on the north German coast to protest government complacency in fighting epidemic which has killed 4000 North Sea seals in the last three months

 
Aug   Cease fire in Angola (13 yrs civil war).
Cease fire in Iran-Iraq war (8 yrs)/
USSR starts withdrawal from Afghanistan (after 8 1/2 yrs) - 100,000 troops to be out by Feb 15
(13,00 have been killed; 22,000 wounded)
Hopeful initiatives underway in Cyprus & Western Sahara.
"Vietnam may withdraw from Cambodia".
Poland agrees to talk with Walesa (after 8 yrs).
Aug 27 55,000 attend 25th anniversary Washington Civil Rights March.

 
Sept   Sept 8 Boise, Idaho: 4 white supremacists plead guilty to plotting bombings, robberies & the murder of Morris Dees.
NYT: "Is the cold war drawing to a close?"
Sept 12 - 40,000 demonstrate in Budapest against Danube dam [Utne Jan/Feb 1989 p. 88] [don't I have this earlier??]
Sept 19 Burma & Haiti rebel.
Sept 29 80,000 in West Berlin protest IMF policies, 400 arrested.
(Sept Savings & loans failures continuing)

 
Oct   Albert Hoffman Institute founded L.A. & Switzerland re-legalizes LSD research.
Energy Dept finally admits problems with nuclear arms industry and nuclear plants.
Oil prices dropping again - below 10 dollars/barrel.
Oct? (8 months after Armenians in Feb) 50,000 Latvians, Estonians, & Lithuanians link arms in a human chain stretching 150 km along the shore of the severely polluted Baltic Sea (Utne July/August 1989 p. 47)

 
Nov   Robert Morris sends Internet Worm (computer virus).
Nov Bush elected (vs Dukakis) but with Democratic Congress and with both candidates supporting environmentalism. Also Insurance reforms in California.
Thailand: protests against dam.

 
Dec   (Dec 7? U.N. adopts global weather resolution) (explain?).
Dec 8? Gorbachev speech at U.N. (then hurries home after Georgia earthquake).
Dec 14 US agrees to talk to PLO.
Dec 23? Peace in Namibia.
Dec? Chico Mendes, rubber tapper & rain forest activist, murdered in Brazil
At UN, Gorbachev announces he will cut Soviet troops by 500,000.
"Intifada started".

 
when?   EEC/US "on the brink of trade war"
Benazir Bhutto elected in Pakistan

   


1989   U.S. average family income regains 1973 level (only with two wage-earners)

  1989
MUSIC/CINEMA/PUBLISHING

Mississippi Burning
High Hopes (U.K.)
Dead Poets Society
Do the Right Thing (Spike Lee)
Batman
Comic Book Confidential
(She-Devil)
Story of Women/Une Affaires des Femmes (Chabrol)
Woody Allen: Crimes and Misdemeanors
Born on the Fourth of July
Sex, Lies and Videotape
Roger and Me (more 1990)
Distant Voices, Still Lives (UK)
Jan   Jan 5 Riots against African students in China.
? Matthew Fox's banning.
Salmon Rushdie: Satanic Verses
Libyan chemical weapon plant.
Jan 24 "Dow Jones back to Oct. 17 level"
Jan 30-Feb 3 Record cold E & N U.S. (Alaska storm)

 
Feb   Feb 4 Paraguay: Stroessner (dictator 35 years) unseated in military coup.
Feb? Antarctic oil spill/
Feb ?First? public demonstrations of Virtual Reality
Salmon Rushdie receives death threat.
Feb [last??] Russian soldiers come back from Afghanistan.

 
March   Time Inc and Warner merge to create the largest media company.
Gorbachev declares the failure of Stalinist collectivization and centralized control of agriculture, and proposed to return land to families and allows first contested elections in USSR.
Mar 10 Hungary: new constitution & Lithuania: Si-u-dees(t) to win 30/42
Mar 13 Tibet demonstrations
third world debt
Mar 24 Exxon Valdez oil spill - Alaska (Prince William Sound) 37,415 tons
Mar 27 USSR: first contested elections
Mar-Apr UK: "No winter in Europe this last year & things are blooming 2 months early

 
April   Gorbachev purges USSR Central Committee of those opposing reform
Apr 6 Vietnam volunteer GIs return, after 2 month visit
Apr 7 Annual reclaim the test site demo ?starts
Apr 9 Georgia, ?USSR: 17 die
Wash D.C. Pro-Choice March 100,000
Apr 10 Gas prices raised
Apr 12 Abbie Hoffman dead
Bush? announces renewal all water leases: Orange Cove near Fresno, Friant Dam
Apr 26 Tiananmen Square, Beijing, China demonstrations start
Apr 28 170 conscientious objectors have left South Africa in 4 years; Mobil leaves South Africa due to end of tax credits

 
May   Hungary: demolition of first part of East-West wall on Austrian border
May 8 (eve) Georgia demo - 20 killed (USSR)
May 11 Panama: government calls election void, Bush sending troops
May 15 Russians getting Vietnam to pull out of Cambodia (by Sept) -> talks w China
Gorbachev to China
May 14-18 China demonstrations in Tienanmen Square during USSR-China talks
May 31 "18th day" China demonstrations: ?100,000 in Tienanmen Square

 
June   June 3-4 China: police attack demonstrators in Tienanmen Square, end demonstration.
June 4 Solidarity wins in Poland.
June 5 Khomeini dead.
Prime 11 1/2 -> 11%
June 6 Sacramento: Rancho Seco voted down
J 5-10 Uzbeck youths Fergona Valley attack Misketi Turks
June 8 Poland's first free election since the Communists took over brings overwhelming victory for Solidarity candidates
June 12 Expansion of Native American water rights upheld by Supreme Court
Falwell announces Moral Majority to end Aug. 31
June Heavy rains in Ohio, flooding in 13 eastern U.S. states
U.K.: drought (most since summer 1976)
?summer another attempt at re-introducing the mini

 
Aug 23   2 million in Balkans form human chain on the 50th anniversary of the secret agreement which made them part of the Soviet Union

 
Sept 10   Hungary opens its border with Austria to allow the exit of East Germans gathered at West German Embassy in Budapest.

 
Oct

Oct 17 SF quake
  Oct 1 East German leader Erich Honecker tries to deal with flood of East Germans escaping through Hungary and Czechoslovakia (200,000 by November) by allowing those in Prague and Warsaw to leave for the West by train, then tries to stem the flow with a ban on visas for travel to Czechoslovakia
Oct 7 Hungarian Communist party reconstitutes itself as Socialist Party
Oct 8 week before: Donald Trump bid to take over American Airlines, United & Northwest airlines also embroiled in takeovers since last spring = 3 of the largest airline carriers
Oct 13 Dow drops 190? points
Oct 17 Hungarian parliament revises constitution to allow multiparty system and free elections planned for 1990
Oct 18 East Germany: Honecker replaced by Egon Krenz
Oct 28 East Germany: Krenz eases travel restrictions for East Germans

Oct 28 Czechoslovakia: Arrest of playwright Vaclav Havel and others provokes protest by 10,000; police break up demonstration.

 
Nov   Nov 4 500,000 demonstrate in East Berlin to Nov 7, when government resigns
Nov 8 East Germans again pouring into West Germany via Czechoslovakia; East German Politburo resigns and is replaced by a smaller body.

Nov 9 East Germany opens its borders - "Berlin wall comes down"
Nov 13-14 Czechoslovakia opens its borders
Nov 17 Czech: 10-20,000 teens try to march to Wenceslaus(sp?) Square, Prague; 400 injured
Nov 18 Czech: strike at schools, invitations of forbidden speakers; Town meetings start; Civic Forum formed
Nov 21-22 Czechoslovakia: 1 million demonstrators - over next week becomes general strike
Nov 24 350,000 Czechs demonstrate in Prague, party leaders resign
Nov 26 Hungarians hold free vote and deprive party of chance to hold a
presidential election before a parliament is elected.
Nov 27 Czechoslovakia general strike
Nov 28 Czechoslovakia party announces it will adopt new constitution, allow non-Communist ministers, abandon compulsory teaching of Marxism, and allow freer press and Hungary announces first free election
Nov 30 Czechoslovakia eases travel restrictions to the West

 
Dec   Dec 14 NATO announces troop reduction
Dec 18 demonstrations in Romania
(Dec 19 764,000 in current US army)
89 Dec 20 US invades Panama
Dec 22 Caescescu overthrown, Rumania
(Dec 27 disco line dance craze)

 



1990        
Jan   Myles Horton dies
Jan 22 Stock Market drops 77 points
Jan 24 Secret Service agents raid homes of Acid Phreak and Phiber Optik and confiscate computer? equipment
(California Drought Year #4)

  1990
MUSIC/CINEMA/PUBLISHING

TV: Twin Peaks (April 1990-June 1991)

Robert Bly
Feb   week before Feb 2? South African transit workers win strike
Feb 2 Secret Service agents raid Len Rose, aka Terminus
Feb 2 South African government legalizes ANC
Feb 4 Colombia gives half its forest to indigenous tribal peoples
Feb 7 USSR legalizes multi-party
Feb 7 Secret Service raids three more computer hackers
Feb 11 South Africa: Mandela released
Feb 14 Drexel Burnham Lambert junk bond kings: bankruptcy
Feb 15 Secret Service raids Craig Neidorf, editor of Phrack on-line magazine
Feb 16 Lithuania ? declares independence?
when? Latvia & Estonia declares independence

90 Feb 21 Tokyo stock market drop (1000 yen?) "due to interest drop" (4.5%)
Feb 25 Nicaraguan election: Sandanistas defeated by Chamorro

 
Mar   Mar 1 Secret Service raids Steve Jackson Games
Mar 16 GOP Lee Atwater's change of heart

 
May 9   Secret Service announces 28 new hacker raids under Operation Sun Devil

 
    20 years after Earth Day evenets
?start of New York City's enviro group;s summer first intercontinental Indian meeting, Ecuador [Utne #48 p 74]

 
July 8   Sunday before this - monetary and economic reunion of Germany (?adopted?)

 
Aug   Iraq invades Kuwait

 
Oct 3   Germanys reunite

 
Nov   Nov 12 -14 "Clearing squatters E. Berlin"
Nov 19 Paris: CFE treaty signed, 22 nation

 

 

1991   US average wage is no higher than 1973, adjusted for inflation
(Jan MacWorld: multimedia)
Jan 12 US Congress authorizes Gulf War after three days debate
Jan 16- U.S. bombs Iraq out of Kuwait
March Los Angeles: citizen videos cop beating of Rodney King
June 11 FDIC insolvent - 440 banks failing; S&Ls 80 billion + 50 billion coming +
June 17 N Ireland: half population under 28; all parties but Sinn Fein meet about home rule
("after 17 years of England's involvement since troubles started") 1974-
June 17 South Africa: Apartheid laws repealed
June 21 South Africa: ends ban law
Aug 18 attempted USSR coup
Oct 20 Oakland fire (+ Bill Graham dead)
Dec or Jan 92? USSR reformation as commonwealth
Dec 31? cease fire in El Salvador

  1991
MUSIC/CINEMA/PUBLISHING

Awakenings
Alice (Woody Allen)
The Doors
To Sleep with Anger
A Rage in Harlem
Thelma & Louise
Dances with Wolves
Paris Is Burning
The Fisher King
The Commitments

Dec? or Jan 92? Paul Simon to South Africa



1992 - Francis Fukuyama: The End of History


1997- 30th Summer of Love event in Golden Gate Park (organized by Chet Helms) - 60,000 people

1997-2009 Millenial generation X (Hero) born 1977-1989 turns 20.
A Hero (or Civic) generation is born during an Unraveling, spends its rising adult years during a Crisis, spends midlife during a High, and spends old age in an Awakening. Heroic leaders have been vigorous and rational institution-builders, busy and competent in old age. All of them entering midlife were aggressive advocates of technological progress, economic prosperity, social harmony, and public optimism.
These are the dutiful soldiers of the Middle East wars. Their heros are the G.I. generation (John Wayne).

1997-2006 - The 1950s again . . . A dead grey time. Back into the monastery to preserve the valuables for the future . . . Well, that's what I'm doing. See: Michael Ventura's Letters at 3 A.M.: Reports on Endarkenment, where he gave that advice.
Citing Dr. Helen Caldicott's warning that it's ten minutes to midnight, he maintains that we're already into the new day, albeit the darkest, scariest part of it. In Whole Earth Review he wrote that we are living in an "age of endarkenment." What each of us must do is cleave to what we find most beautiful in the human heritage - and pass it on. The implied metaphor here links us with the monks of the Middle Ages: when the endarkenment eventually ends, ...those precious things we've passed on will still be alive.
Love your writings, Michael.

2004 - April 29 - Allen Cohen, creator of The San Francisco Oracle, dies

2005 - June 21 - Chet Helms, concert producer, dies

2007 - 40th anniversary of the "Summer of Love" in San Francisco
Already surpassed. The real descendants of the Summer of Love can be experienced at the Goddess Festival in Glastonbury, England each August, and perhaps at the Glastonbury Music Festival and other festivals throughout England and Europe.

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Michael Ventura on the Sixties (Shadow Dancing in the U.S.A., 1985):
You tend to forget just how much raw energy was loose in the air then, and you don't quite believe your own memory: that sometimes, then, for weeks on end, we actually thought (1) that we were living in the Promised Land, the New Age, the Other World, (2) that it was everything we had ever imagined it could be, and (3) that everyone was going to join us in its promise as soon as they saw how good it was. There was, hovering over everything, a possibility larger than the tedious makeshift that had been called "daily life." Simply to be alive then, to be part of the demographic bulge called the war babies, meant that somewhere people more or less your age, people who might conceivably welcome you in their effort, whom you might even run into on the street (which often happened!), were trying whatever fool idea, passionate thought or cosmic vision they thought themselves capable of. You yourself could be doing nothing about such things for the moment, and maybe you never had and never would, yet through some alchemy of the time somehow you were part of their hope and they were part of yours.

The Sioux once sent young warriors to the mountains alone, and they were not to come back until they'd dreamed their names. They were protected by the instruction they'd received in how to survive and in how to interpret dreams. We had mostly had instruction in how to be like everyone else, only more successful, and in how dreams were not important. So when, as an entire generation, we made everywhere we went a mountain on which we were trying to dream our names - we were messy, out of hand, easily distracted, out of our depth, full of shit, half-assed, and in deep trouble. But all that sound and all that fury, all that silliness and all those trips imprinted on everyone who was there and on everyone who came after the notion that humankind has far more dimensions than had been admitted for a very long time. It is a simple and utterly disruptive notion. Some people have been trying to live it out and a lot of people have been trying to forget it ever since. Because once you admit it - once you admit it - nothing is quite the same.


++++++++++++++++++++++
I always perceived in retrospect that those experiences especially our experimentation with psychedelics and peyote and such and with pot wasn't a free ride. Yes, it was gloriously good and it opened our lives to many things. Some of it turned sour for some people who overindulged in it, which is true of any substance, but the perspective we gained that Buddhists monk take maybe 20 years to achieve in deep meditation, we got in 45 minutes. And I always felt there was probably a reason for that, in the generational sense. But I don't think our whole story is finished yet, it hasn't all been played out here. There were reasons why we went through that stuff, and as I said it wasn't a free ride and there was some responsibility for that insight, but you'll hear more from us, before it's done. - Luria Castell (Rockin' At the Red Dog)

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Seeds . . . The first signs of another High starting?
- 1990 - First Burning Man at Black Rock City, Nevada (Cacaphony Society)
- summer 1996 - Kathy Jones and the Goddess Temple of Glastonbury present the first Goddess Festival in Glastonbury, England.
- October 1998 Harry Potter becomes a huge hit, a big surprise for its publishers.
- April 1999 three friends join Nipun Mehta, then working in the software industry in California, to build a website for a homeless shelter; that effort later came to be known as CharityFocus - http://charityfocus.org
- March 2007 - Glastonbury Radio goes online
Observations, Saturday, May 26, 2007:
- Bollywood: The silly playful innocence of teenyboppers, mini-skirts, Beatles, bubblegum pop music. [NEW WEALTH]
- Johnny Depp's Captain Jack Sparrow - showing up in costume for the premiere of Pirates of the Caribbean III. The moviemaker again thought pirates would be a sleeper at best.
- Jan 28th, 2008 - "During a rally at American University in Washington, DC, Senator Edward M. Kennedy, Representative Patrick Kennedy, and Caroline Kennedy today endorsed Barack Obama for President. Here are the remarks of Caroline Kennedy" (born 1957, currently 51, but her children are, natch, born 1988, 1990, and1993, so now aged 20, 18, and15):
"Over the years, I’ve been deeply moved by the people who’ve told me they wish they could feel inspired and hopeful about America the way people did when my father was president. This longing is even more profound today. Fortunately, there is one candidate who offers that same sense of hope and inspiration and I am proud to endorse Senator Barack Obama for President. I am happy that two of my own children are here with me, because they were the first people who made me realize that Barack Obama is the President we need." (John Kennedy was indeed just as idealistic and impractical, and many honored him for that. These days, with what's ahead, I prefer practical to idealistic. May 2008 I like Obama better as time goes along. If any politician can be relevant with what is coming, he just may be able to pull it off. Whatever. Don't wait for others; become a leader yourself.)

So who is turning 20 now (2008)?

2010-2021 Active period of an Adaptive generation Y (Artist) born 1990-2001 turns 20 creating a High.
Born after the end of the Cold War - Children of new prosperity and freedoms. They are playful, happy, out for a good time. Their heros are the Beats. [An Artist (or Adaptive) generation is born during a Crisis, spends its rising adult years in a High, spends midlife in an Awakening, and spends old age in an Unraveling. Artistic leaders have been advocates of fairness and the politics of inclusion, irrepressible in the wake of failure. ]

2022-2032? Active period of an Internet generation (Prophet) born 2002-2012? turns 20 creating an Awakening.
Born after the Internet, and the Middle East wars and noticeable Global Climate Change. In 2008, they are 6 years old and younger. They are the next generation that will understand what was being strived for in the sixties, and will understand what happened and push it forward. [Awakening - driven by inner zeal to become philosophers, religious pundits, and hippies. Civil order comes under attack from new values. A Prophet (or Idealist) generation is born during a High, spends its rising adult years during an Awakening, spends midlife during an Unraveling, and spends old age in a Crisis. Prophetic leaders have been cerebral and principled, summoners of human sacrifice, wagers of righteous wars. Early in life, few saw combat in uniform; late in life, most come to be revered as much for their words as for their deeds.]

All generations will get a big wakeup at the end of 2012, according to many ancient calendar systems and prophecies.

2013 The births of the next Nomad (Reactive) generation may start. [A Nomad (or Reactive) generation is born during an Awakening, spends its rising adult years during an Unraveling, spends midlife during a Crisis, and spends old age in a new High. Nomadic leaders have been cunning, hard-to-fool realists, taciturn warriors who prefer to meet problems and adversaries one-on-one.] Their period of active influence will be 2033-

You write the next page

         



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NOTE ON THE TIMELINE:
The generational notings in this timeline explore the possibility that generational changes follow major events that change attitudes (i.e. those born after the French revolution never experienced the situation that led to that revolution, but instead were born into a more hopeful time, with possibilities only dreamed of by their elders, and so had quite different attitudes about the possibilities of life) and how members of that new generation act as they enter their twenties, usually the first time they could have, indeed were called upon, to be actively engaged in their times. More information on "Generations" theory: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generations_(book)


At the age of eighty, in 1823, the fiftieth anniversary of the Declaration [of Independence], Jefferson wrote to Adams: "The generation which commences a revolution can rarely complete it. Habituated from their infancy to passive submission of body and mind to their kings and priests, they are not qualified, when called on, to think and provide for themselves and their experience, their ignorance and bigotry make them instruments often . . . to defeat their own . . . purposes." - Michael Ventura: Shadow Dancing in the U.S.A. (1985)

I am always delighted every time a young person shakes their head in disbelief about how poorly previous generations treated the earth. It has become a given to them that the earth must be cared for, something that could never have been different. I spent ten years heavily involved in environmental politics, and we won. Now it's just working out the details, as awesome as that task might be. And not a moment too soon.