• Cultural
• Broadcast 1920 Frank Conrad
• Westinghouse realizes that regular broadcasts could sell radios
• Advertising 1922 'Toll broadcasting'
• Common Audiences
• Shared experiences/reference for vast audiences
• Compare to mass media of industrial printing/newspapers
• Mass Media becomes paradigm for media scholars- what of telegraph?
• Return to the Oral?
• No need to learn how to read/write- just listen
• Reach everyone; development tool
• Para-social Side- listening is intimate- 'Fireside Chats'
• Mediated, yet it feels personal, intimate
• Social
• Centralization of power since only a few broadcaster
• Spectrum Allocation- Regulation
• Spectrum is Limited resource regulated as public property
• Pervasive Quality- interest in content
• Concentration of power- who decides what gets on
• Public Space- Mass Society
• How to be heard when information radiates from a few places
• Other Media
• Newspapers- concentration of power, new content; competitor?
• Telephone- seen as distinct at this time- AT&T leaves radio
• Music Recording- explodes with new content- see our book

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